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32 Int'l J. Comp. Lab. L. & Indus. Rel. 301 (2016)
Just-in-Time Labour: The Case of Networks Providing Home Support Services in Quebec

handle is hein.kluwer/cllir0032 and id is 319 raw text is: 'Just-in-Time' Labour: The Case of Networks Providing Home Support Services in Quebec Louise BOIVIN* This article aims to analyse how the obligation to be available to work when requested by one's employer manifests itself in the context of network organizations and under a legal regulation of working hours which was forged on the basis of the industrial production model. We conducted two case studies examining the situation of workers in the private externalized segments of home support services networks in Quebec, a Canadian province. We will demonstrate that for these atypical workers, mostly women, the obligation to be available to work without any accompanying compensation in wages is implicit and manifests itself in two ways: through time that is considered to be personal but which is not because it is squeezed into the gaps in fragmented, variable and unpredictable working schedules and through the exclusion, from paid work time, of time spent carrying out work-related tasks. The impact of this obligation is significant in terms of wages and precariousness. Its man ifestations derive from both the network-based organization of work - which allows for the imposition of a just- in-time' model of labour management and a reiujorcement of the sexual division of labour - and the inadequacy of the legal regulation of working hours with regard to this organizational model. I INTRODUCTION Studies examining the manifestations of the new post-Fordist temporal regime often focus on non-standard employment such as part-time1 or fixed-term employment.2 These studies rarely examine non-standard3 triangular or even multilateral Professor, Departement de relations industrielles, Universit& du Quebec en Outaouais, email: louise. boivinguqo.ca; member, Interuniversity Research Centre on Globalization and Work. The case studies presented in this article were conducted as part of the research for the author's doctoral thesis and as part of another research supported by a Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council Standard Research Grant L'obligation de disponibilite du salarie: une nouvelle source de precarite ou de flexibilite. The author would like to thank her thesis supervisor, Guylaine Vallee, professor, Ecole de relations industrielles, Universit& de Montreal. She would also like to thank the anonymous evaluators of this article as well as Guylaine Vall&e and Emilie Genin, professors, Ecole de relations industrielles, Universite de Montreal, for their judicious comments on the article, and, finally, Ellen Murray and Chau Nguyen for their rigorous translation. C. Nicole-Drancourt, Un impense des resistances a legalite entre les sexes: le regime temporel, 9 Temporalit&s (2009), 1, http://temporalites.revues.org/1067. 2 P. Bouffartigue &J. Bouteiller, L'erosion de la norme du temps de travail, 92 Travail et emploi 43 (2002). 3 S. Bernstein, U. Coiquaud, M.-J. Dupuis, L. La Fontaine, L. Morissette, E. Paquet & G. Vallee, Les transformations des relations d'emploi: une s&urite compromise?, 6(l) Regards sur le travail 19 (2009). Boivin, Louise. Just-in-Time' Labour: The Case of Networks Providing Home Support Services in Quebec'. International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations 32, no. 3 (2016): 301 321. © 2016 Kluwer Law International BV, The Netherlands

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