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114 W. Va. L. Rev. 109 (2011-2012)
Advising Clients after Critical Legal Studies and the Torture Memos

handle is hein.journals/wvb114 and id is 111 raw text is: ADVISING CLIENTS AFTER CRITICAL LEGAL
STUDIES AND THE TORTURE MEMOS
Milan Markovic*
I. INTRODUCTION                          ....................................................110
II. THE MODEL RULES, ENFORCEMENT, AND WHY LAWYERS OBEY ..............114
A.      The Underenforcement of Professional Responsibility Rules 114
B.      Compliance and Self-Interest  ...................... 117
III. MODEL RULE 2.1 AND THE PROBLEM OF COMPLIANCE .......          ........119
IV. THE TORTURE MEMO CONTROVERSY AND RULE 2.1                 ................124
A.      Background         ............................      ...... 125
B.      The OPR Report        .........................      ...... 128
1.     The Investigation and OPR's Standards ....   ......128
2.      The OPR's Findings     .................... .....130
C.      The Margolis Memo        .......................   .....132
1.     Standards Applied ..................         ........133
2.      Application to Yoo.....       .....................135
V. THE MARGOLIS MEMO's FLAWED ACCOUNT           ................ ......137
A.      Reliance on Indeterminacy    .............................. 137
B.      Does Margolis's Account of Rule 2.1 Follow from the Ethical
Rules?......................................139
C.     Social Utility.............................. 141
VI. AN ALTERNATIVE VIEW OF RULE 2.1       ...............................144
A.      Rule 2.1 's Honest Assessment  ...................... 144
B.      Application to Yoo......................            ........146
VII. RULE 2.1 AND INDETERMINACY         ..........................  .....148
A.      The Indeterminacy Thesis...........        ................ 148
B.      Indeterminacy and the Challenge to Legal Ethics.................. 150
C.      Clients, Indeterminacy, and Yoo  .............      ....... 155
VIII. POSSIBLE OBJECTIONS        ..........................................158
A.      Penalizing Good Faith Legal Advice  ............    ..... 158
B.      Client Autonomy and CYA Memos ...........          ...... 160
C.     Is    Identifying   Countervailing    Considerations    Good
Lawyering?                                       .............. 161
IX. CONCLUSION.................................................... 163
Abraham L. Freedman Teaching Fellow, Temple University Beasley School of Law.
J.D., Georgetown University Law Center (2006); M.A., New York University (2003); B.A., Co-
lumbia University (2001). I would like to thank Richard Greenstein and Jane Baron of the Tem-
ple University Beasley School of Law; Marty Lederman, Mike Seidman, and Greg Klass of Geor-
getown University Law Center; and Mark Tushnet of Harvard Law School for their valuable
comments. Katherine Knowlton, Sophia Husain Duffy, and Denene Wambach provided invalua-
ble research assistance during the writing of this article.

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