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42 W. St. L. Rev. 1 (2014-2015)
The Long Shadow: Decreasing Barriers to Employment, Housing, and Civic Participation for People with Criminal Records will Improve Public Safety and Strengthen the Economy

handle is hein.journals/wsulr42 and id is 5 raw text is: The Long Shadow: Decreasing Barriers to Employment, Housing, and Civic Participation for People with Criminal Records Will Improve Public Safety and Strengthen the Economy Steven D. Bell* INTRODUCTION ................................................................. 2 I. CONSEQUENCES OF A CRIMINAL CONVICTION ......................... 3 A . Direct Consequences ........................................... 3 1. Incarceration ............................................... 3 2. Probation and Parole ....................................... 4 3. Fines and Restitution ....................................... 5 4. R egistration ................................................ 5 5. R ecidivism ................................................ 5 6. A Note about California's Realignment ...................... 6 B. Collateral Consequences ........................................ 7 1. D isenfranchisem ent ......................................... 8 2. Other Civil Restrictions .................................... 9 3. E m ploym ent ............................................... 10 4. H ousing ................................................... 11 II. W ORSENING CONDITIONS............................................... 11 A . Getting Tough on Crim e ........................................ 11 B. Technological Advances ........................................ 13 C. Increased Use of Background Checks ........................... 13 III. BAN THE Box MOVEMENT ............................................ 16 A . D isenfranchisem ent ............................................. 17 B . E m ploym ent ................................................... 18 1. M innesota ................................................. 18 2. M assachusetts .............................................. 19 3. C alifornia .................................................. 19 4. San Francisco .............................................. 20 5. N ational Em ployers ........................................ 21 6. Federal Law suits ........................................... 21 IV. PROPOSAL ............................................................... 22 V. CONCLUSION ........................................................... 24 * J.D. Candidate, May 2015, Western State College of Law. I would like to express my gratitude to Western State for welcoming this formerly incarcerated person into its program and my appreciation to Professor Elizabeth Jones, Director of the Criminal Law Practice Center, and Professor Dylan Malagrinb for their continuing guidance, encouragement, and inspiration. Lastly, my profound thanks to my wife, Sue, and to all my family and friends for their love, support, and patience through the years, especially today as I pursue my passion.

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