Reintegration of Female Rape Survivors: The Overlooked Priority of Transitional Justice in the Face of Mass Wartime Rape
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REINTEGRATION OF FEMALE RAPE SURVIVORS: THE
OVERLOOKED PRIORITY OF TRANSITIONAL JUSTICE IN
THE FACE OF MASS WARTIME RAPE
ABSTRACT
While mass wartime rape has become a core characteristic of
modern armed conflict, transitional justice mechanisms have con-
tinuously failed to bring about successful achievement of justice,
reconciliation, and truth for female survivors.! The abuse, exile, and
humiliation of large numbers of female rape survivors by their fam-
ilies and communities leaves entire societies destabilized and sus-
ceptible to prolonged instability and state failure, thus obstructing
attempts by transitional justice mechanisms to usher in long-lasting
peace and stability.' To achieve more successful post-conflict recon-
struction, transitional justice mechanisms situated in the aftermath
of wars marked by mass rape must first focus on the reintegration
of rape survivors. Positive reintegration can lead to greater success
in transitional justice as a whole through greater survivor participa-
tion, a greater chance for restoration of survivor and community dig-
nity, and an increase in survivor and community trust in the process
as a whole, eventually leading to a domino effect on the success of
subsequent goals of the mechanism and the mechanism itself.3
INTRODUCTION
I. MASS WARTIME RAPE'S OBSTRUCTION OF POST-CONFLICT
RECONSTRUCTION: EFFECTS ON THE INDIVIDUAL, THE FAMILY,
AND THE COMMUNITY
II. THE CURRENT GOALS OF TRANSITIONAL JUSTICE IN THE FACE
OF MASS WARTIME RAPE
A. An Overview of Transitional Justice
B. Transitional Justice and Mass Wartime Rape
1. Rwandan Ad Hoc Criminal Tribunal
2. Sierra Leone's Truth and Reconciliation Commission
and the Special Court for Sierra Leone
3. Guatemala's Tribunal of Conscience
1. See What is Transitional Justice?, INT'L CTR. FOR TRANSITIONAL JUST., https://
www.ictj.org/about/transitional-justice [https://perma.cc/4CXQ-WH3T].
2. See Cassandra Clifford, Rape as a Weapon of War and Its Long-Term Effects on
Victims and Society, 7TH GLOBAL CONFERENCE ON VIOLENCE & CONTEXTS HOSTILITY (May
2018), https://www.peacewomen.org/sites/default/files/vaw rapeasaweaponofwar-stop
modern slavery may2008 0.pdf.
3. See What is Transitional Justice?, supra note 1.
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Reintegration of Female Rape Survivors: The Overlooked Priority of Transitional Justice in the Face of Mass Wartime Rape
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