About | HeinOnline Law Journal Library | HeinOnline Law Journal Library | HeinOnline
LOG IN
LOG IN

31 Wis. J. L. Gender, & Soc'y 29 (2016)
Hormone Check: Critique of Olympic Rules on Sex and Gender

handle is hein.journals/wiswo31 and id is 33 raw text is: HORMONE CHECK: CRITIQUE OF OLYMPIC RULES ON SEX AND GENDER Erin Buzuvis. INTRO DUCTIO N ............................................................................................... . . 29 I. WHO Is FEMALE IN OLYMPIC AND INTERNATIONAL SPORT? A BRIEF HISTORICAL O VERVIEW .......................................................................................... . . 3 1 A. A History of Sex Verification Testing ............................................. 31 B. The Stockholm Consensus: IOC's First Transgender Policy ........... 34 II. IOC's TURN TOWARD HORMONE-BASED ELIGIBILITY ........................................... 36 A. Hyperandrogenism Rule for Intersex Athletes ............................. 36 B. New Hormone-Based Guidelines for Transgender Athletes ...... 38 Ill. CHALLENGING THE HYPERANDROGENISM RULE: CHAND V. IAAF .......................... 39 A. CAS Ruling in Chand v. IAAF .......................................................... 39 B. CAS Endorses Testosterone-Based Boundaries In Women's Spo rts ..................................................................................... . . 4 0 D. CAS Endorses Suspicion-Based Testing ......................................... 42 E. CAS Mythologizes the Level Playing Field ........................ 43 IV. MOVING FORWARD: RECONCILING OBJECTIONS TO HYPERANDROGENISM RULE WITH IOC's NEW HORMONE-BASED RECOMMENDATIONS FOR TRANSGENDER W O M EN ............................................................................................ . . 4 5 A. Advantages and Disadvantages of a Uniform Hormone Rule ........... 45 B. An End to Gender Categories? ..................................................... 48 C. A Uniform Gender Identity Rule .................................................. 49 D. A Hybrid Approach ........................................................................ 53 C O N CLUSIO N ................................................................................................... . . 5 5 INTRODUCTION For good and for bad, most sports, including all Olympic sports, are divided into two categories, men's and women's. In some ways, this division makes good sense. It ensures that female athletes have opportunities to compete which might not exist if competitive sports were open on a gender- blind basis.1 But at the same time, it is problematic to impose a binary division - Western New England University School of Law 1. See infro Part IV.B. Women are not categorically athletically inferior, but there are both socially constructed as well as biological differences between men and women that influence athletic outcomes. Women's historical exclusion from sport and the strained relationship between athleticism and femininity have and continue to suppress women's athletic interests and abilities. In addition, women are generally (though not categorically)

What Is HeinOnline?

HeinOnline is a subscription-based resource containing thousands of academic and legal journals from inception; complete coverage of government documents such as U.S. Statutes at Large, U.S. Code, Federal Register, Code of Federal Regulations, U.S. Reports, and much more. Documents are image-based, fully searchable PDFs with the authority of print combined with the accessibility of a user-friendly and powerful database. For more information, request a quote or trial for your organization below.



Short-term subscription options include 24 hours, 48 hours, or 1 week to HeinOnline.

Purchase Access

Contact us for annual subscription options:

Contact Us

Already a HeinOnline Subscriber?

Log In

profiles profiles most