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25 Wash. U. J. L. & Pol'y 101 (2007)
Competition Policy, Consumer Protection, and Economic Disadvantage

handle is hein.journals/wajlp25 and id is 109 raw text is: Competition Policy, Consumer Protection, and
Economic Disadvantage'
William    E. Kovacic*
i. INTRODUCTION
In 2007, the People's Republic of China adopted its first
competition law and joined a roster of over 100 nations that have
enacted competition statutes. Until recent decades, the majority of
these jurisdictions, like China, had relied entirely or completely on
central planning to organize their economies. Judging from the status
of current competition law drafting projects, the list seems likely to
grow by a few countries each year.
For those of us of a certain age, these events are most improbable.
An episode from my undergraduate years in the early 1970s suggests
why this is so. My study of economics began with the traditional
introductory survey course. The required readings included The
Great Ascent,' Robert Heilbroner's influential analysis of economic
development. Heilbroner admonished countries with democratic
political institutions and market economies to accept the inevitability
that central planning was the only suitable course for what were
called Third World nations to achieve substantial economic growth.2
My instructor wrote his Ph.D dissertation for Heilbroner and
revered his advisor's views. The final examination included a
heavily-weighted question that directed students to discuss the most
r This Essay was prepared from a speech originally delivered in October 2006 at
Washington University in St. Louis School of Law as part of the 2006 2007 Public Interest
Speaker Series.
* Commissioner, U.S. Federal Trade Commission. On leave from the George
Washington University Law School. The views expressed here are the author's alone.
1. ROBERT L. HEILBRONER, THE GREAT ASCENT: THE STRUGGLE FOR ECONOMIC
DEVELOPMENT IN OUR TIME (Harper Collins, 1963).
2. Id. at 148-49.

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