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58 Vand. L. Rev. 1443 (2005)
How Mead Has Muddled Judicial Review of Agency Action

handle is hein.journals/vanlr58 and id is 1465 raw text is: VANDERBILT LAW REVIEW

VOLUME 58                  OCTOBER 2005                   NUMBER 5

How Mead Has Muddled Judicial
Review of Agency Action
Lisa Schultz Bressman*
IN TRODU  CTION   .............................................................................. 1443
I.      SETTING THE STAGE: MEAD AND BARNHART ...................... 1451
II.     MEAD IN THE COURTS OF APPEALS ..................................... 1457
A.      Analytical Divergence ............................................. 1458
B.      Chevron   Avoidance ................................................. 1464
C.      Jurisdictional Questions and Explicit
D elegations .............................................................. 1469
III.    M EAD  IN  THE  FUTURE ......................................................... 1475
A.      Decoding the Concurrence in Brand X ................... 1475
B.      Rejecting the Dissent in Mead ................................ 1478
C.      Rejecting the Majority in Mead .............................. 1481
D.      Rethinking   the  Case ................................................ 1486
1.      Justifying a Return to Formalism ............... 1486
2.      Moderating the Embrace of Formalism ...... 1488
C ON CLU SIO N  .................................................................................. 1491
INTRODUCTION
When the Supreme Court decided United States v. Mead Corp.
four years ago,1 Justice Scalia predicted that judicial review of agency
Lisa Schultz Bressman, Professor, Vanderbilt Law School. I am grateful for insightful
comments on earlier drafts to Michael Bressman, Tracey George, Richard Nagareda, Suzanna
Sherry, and Michael Vandenbergh. I am indebted for excellent research assistance to Sara
Broach, Brian Fleming, and Lily Li Huang.
1443

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