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43 Va. J. Int'l L. 365 (2002-2003)
International Adjudication on National Security Issues: What Role for the WTO

handle is hein.journals/vajint43 and id is 375 raw text is: International Adjudication on National Security Issues: What Role for the WTO?* DAPO AKANDE'* & SOPE WILLIAMS*** TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Setting the Scene ....................................................................... 366 II. The Importance of a Comparative Approach ............................. 370 III. GATT/WTO Practice on Article XXI ....................................... 373 A . G A T T Practice .................................................................. 373 B . W T O Practice ................................................................... 376 IV. Constructing a Framework for the Interpretation Of Article XXI of the G A T T ............................................................................... 37 8 A . Jurisdiction ........................................................................ 379 B . Ju sticiab ility ...................................................................... 38 1 1. Rejecting Arguments in Favor of an Entirely Self- Judging Interpretation ............................................. 381 2. D issecting A rticle X X I ............................................ 384 V. The Proper Interpretation of Article XXI(B) of the GATT ....... 386 A. The Necessity Of The Measure ........................................ 386 1. Review of G ood Faith ............................................. 389 2. The Problems With Good Faith Review ................. 392 B. The Existence of an Essential Security Interest ................ 396 C. The Conditions in Article XXI(B)i-iii .............................. 399 1. Action Taken in Time of War or Other Emergency in International Relations ..................... 400 V I. C on clu sion ................................................................................. 402 * This article has benefited greatly from presentations at the Lauterpacht Research Centre for International Law, University of Cambridge, and at the University of Nottingham. We would like to thank Professor Sue Arrowsmith and Martin Trybus for their comments on previous drafts. ** Lecturer, Department of Law, University of Durham, United Kingdom; Visiting Professor, University of Miami School of Law. *** Lecturer, School of Law, University of Nottingham.

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