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48 Urb. Law. 653 (2016)
Exclusionary Zoning: State and Local Reactions to the Mount Laurel Doctrine

handle is hein.journals/urban48 and id is 671 raw text is: 653 Exclusionary Zoning: State and Local Reactions to the Mount Laurel Doctrine Prentiss Dantzler* THE EFFECTS OF POVERTY ON INDIVIDUAL OUTCOMES HAVE LONG BEEN A TOPIC OF SOCIAL SCIENCE. The intersection of land use planning and pub- lic policies aimed at addressing the growing problems of housing af- fordability has created much debate and concern. As the United States recovers from the Great Recession, more and more individuals find themselves relying heavily on governmentally subsidized, or afford- able, housing as a last resort.' Researchers have determined that the first constructed public housing high-rises of urban America in cities like Chicago, New York, Baltimore, Philadelphia, and Washington D.C. have had detrimental effects upon the life chances of its residents due to their placement in areas of high concentrations of poverty;2 pol- icies concerning housing developed into complex debates about urban poverty, social isolation, and racial discrimination.3 Although public housing and affordable housing share the goal of providing suitable housing options for low- and moderate-income * Prentiss Dantzler (Ph.D Public Affairs-Community Development Department, Public Policy & Administration at Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, at Camden) is an Associate Professor at Colorado College. The author would like to thank Robert F. Williams for his insights on previous versions of this paper. Special acknowledgements should be given to Robert Schaeffer and Julie M. Cheslik for their comments. 1. See Who Needs Affordable Housing?, U.S. Dept. of Housing and Urban Dev. (HUD), http://portal.hud.gov/hudportal/HUD?src=/program offices/comm-planning/ affordablehousing (last visited Apr. 7, 2016). Families who pay more than 30 percent of their income for housing are considered cost burdened and may have difficulty affording necessities such as food, clothing, transportation and medical care. An estimated 12 million renter and homeowner households now pay more than 50 percent of their annual incomes for housing. A family with one full-time worker earning the minimum wage cannot afford the local fair-market rent for a two-bedroom apartment anywhere in the United States. 2. See generally ARNOLD R. HIRSCH, MAKING THE SECOND GHETTO: RACE AND Hous- ING IN POSTWAR CHICAGO, 1940-1960 (Univ. of Chicago Press 1983); JOHN F. BAUMAN, PUBIC HOUSING, RACE, AND RENEWAL: URBAN PLANNING IN PHILADELPHIA 1920-1974 (Temple Univ. Press 1987); Ira Goldstein & W. Mark Keeney, Public Housing, Blacks, and Public Policy: The Historical Ecology of Public Housing in Philadelphia, in HOUSING DESEGREGATION AND FEDERAL POLICY (John M. Goering, ed., Univ. of North Carolina Press 1986). 3. See generally Alexandra M. Curley, Theories of Urban Poverty and Implications for Public Housing Policy, 32 J. SOCIOLOGY & Soc. WELFARE 97 (2005).

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