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3 U. P.R. Bus. L.J. 255 (2012)
Sharing Media on Social Networks: Infringement by Linking

handle is hein.journals/uprblj3 and id is 247 raw text is: 









        SHARING MEDIA ON SOCIAL NETWORKS: INFRINGEMENT
                             BY LINKING?

                             JEAN G. VIDAL FONT*

I.  Introduction .................................................................................................................................255
II. R ig h ts  a n d  R e m e d ie s  ...............................................................................................................2 5 7
  A.  Exclusive Rights in Copyright..........................................................................................257
     1 . R e p r o d u ctio n .....................................................................................................................2 5 7
     2 . T h e  R ight  to  D istrib u te ...................................................................................................2 5 9
     3. T he D isplay and   Perform      R ight...................................................................................260
  B . R e m e d ie s  .................................................................................................................................2 6 1
     1. Vicarious Liability............................................................................................................262
     2. C ontributory      Infringem     ent...........................................................................................262
     3 . In frin gem   ent  by   Lin kin g ................................................................................................2 6 5
III. Perfect 10 and In-Frame Links ..........................................................................................267
  A.  The  Case at the District Court .........................................................................................267
  B.  Court of Appeals ...................................................................................................................269
IV.  Facebook, In-Frame Linking, and User Inducement: Secondary Liability?......271
  A.  Background  on Facebook and the Share Feature ................................................271
     1 . F a ceb  o o k :  W h at  is  it? ......................................................................................................2 7 1
     2. Shared Content: How            Can It Be Seen and Controlled?.......................................272
V.  Linking Content: When Sharing Becomes  Infringing and What Can Be
    Done ...............................................................................................................................................274
  A.  Secondary  Liability by Linking .......................................................................................274
  B . Com  pulsory    Licensing: Solution?...................................................................................276


                              1.  INTRODUCTION

       Social networking sites such as Facebook, MySpace, and Twitter have
become  so popular that they are now used as verb tenses in the same way
Google is used to describe an online search.' Facebook, for one, claims over
901  million monthly active users.2 One of the most popular features that
Facebook  has is the share feature, which allows users to post web content


* Attorney at Cancio, Nadal, Rivera & Diaz P.S.C. L.L.M. in Intellectual Property from the
George Washington University Law School (2009). J.D., Magna Cum Laude, from the
Interamerican University of Puerto Rico School of Law (2007).
1 As in Ifacebooked you but I couldn't find you, Did you twitter about it?, etc.
2 FACEBOOK, http://newsroom.fb.com/content/default.aspx?NewsAreald=22 (last updated
Mar. 2012).

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