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50 Tex. Tech L. Rev. 207 (2017-2018)
Stop Defending Discrimination: Anti-Boycott, Divestment, and Sanctions' Statutes Are Fully Constitutional

handle is hein.journals/text50 and id is 231 raw text is: 




         STOP DEFENDING DISCRIMINATION:
         ANTI-BOYCOTT, DIVESTMENT, AND
         SANCTIONS* STATUTES ARE FULLY
                      CONSTITUTIONAL

                           Mark Goldfeder**

I.  INTRODUCTION                           ......................................... 207
II. THE UNITED  STATES' POSITION  ON BDS      .......................... 210
    A.  Federal Approach        ..........................    ....... 210
    B.  The State Response to BDS.   ...................      ....... 213
    C.  South Carolina's Anti-BDS Statute............        ......... 216
M.  ANTI-BDS  LEGISLATION  IS CONSTITUTIONAL   .................   218
    A.  Anti-BDS Laws Affect Only Government Speech .....           ...... 218
    B.  BDS Activity Is Not Protected Speech..........            ......... 221
        1.  The BDS Movement  Does Not Function as a Primary
           Boycott...................................... 223
        2. Longshoremen   Rules       ................................ 228
IV. RESPONDING  TO ADDITIONAL   CLAIMS               .............. ......... 231
    A.  BDS Boycotts Are Not Protected under the First Amendment..... 231
        1. The Government  Can  Make Conditions on Contracts........... 238
        2. Federal Anti-Boycotting Statutes ..............   ..... 245
V.  CONCLUSION           .......................................... 247

                           I. INTRODUCTION

     The Boycott, Divestment, and Sanctions (BDS) Movement  operates as
a coordinated and sophisticated effort to disrupt the economic and financial
stability of the State of Israel.' It also attempts to cause direct harm to the
economic  interests of persons conducting business in and with Israel,2 or with


    * Boycott, Divestment, and Sanctions (BDS).
    ** Dr. Mark Goldfeder, Esq. is Senior Lecturer at Emory Law School, Spruill Family Senior Fellow
at the Center for the Study of Law and Religion, and Director of Emory University's Restoring Religious
Freedom Project. The Author wishes to thank Kurtis Anderson, Karlo Bazdan, Keisha Russell, Amin
Sadri, Anton Sorkin, and Pete Wosnik for their research and assistance. A special thank you to Samuel
Feldman for spearheading the project.
    1. See OMAR BARGHOUTI, BOYCOTT, DIVESTMENT, SANCTIONS: THE GLOBAL STRUGGLE FOR
PALESTINIAN RIGHTS 223 (2011); see also Bob Unruh, Hate-Israel Movement Flames Out as Investments
Rise, WND  (June 4, 2016), http://www.wnd.com/2016/06/hate-israel-movement-flames-out-as-
investments-rise/324754/#1.
   2. YASMEEN ABU-LABAN ET AL., APARTHEID IN PALESTINE: HARD LAWS AND HARDER
EXPERIENCES 100 (Ghada Ageel ed. 2016) [hereinafter APARTHEID IN PALESTINE].


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