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17 N.Y.U. Rev. L. & Soc. Change 609 (1989-1990)
Representation of Clients with Disabilities: Issues of Ethics and Control

handle is hein.journals/nyuls17 and id is 619 raw text is: REPRESENTATION OF CLIENTS WITH
DISABILITIES: ISSUES OF ETHICS
AND CONTROL*
STANLEY S. HERR**
Introduction  ........................................................  610
I. Allocation of Responsibilities: The Traditional Bi-Polar Model.. 613
II. Ethical Codes and Visions of Normalization .................... 615
A. Code of Professional Responsibility ........................ 615
B. Model Rules of Professional Conduct ...................... 619
HI. Representing Individuals with Disabilities ....................... 621
A. Ascertaining the Client's Interests ......................... 621
B. Direct Representation and the Presumption of Competence. 622
C. Full Guardianship ......................................... 623
D. Less Restrictive Alternatives to Guardianship .............. 624
1. The Next Friend ..................................... 624
2. Guardian Ad Litem .................................. 625
3. Powers of Attorney ................................... 625
4. Representative Payees ................................. 626
5. Institutional Custody: The Illusion of Protection ...... 627
6. Nearest Relatives ..................................... 627
7. Citizen Advocacy and Self-Advocacy .................. 628
8. Protective Services .................................... 629
9. Other Surrogate Decision Makers ..................... 630
10. De Facto Guardianship ............................... 631
11. Limited Guardianship ................................ 631
IV. Representing Classes of Individuals with Disabilities ............. 633
A. Problems of Goal-Setting and Control ..................... 633
B. Class Action Representation ............................... 635
C. Governmental Representation .............................. 636
D. Representation in the Legislative Process ................... 637
V. Strengthening Disability Law Practice .......................... 639
* An earlier version of this article appeared in the Milbank Quarterly. See Herr, Disabled
Clients, Constituencies, and CounseL Representing Persons with Developmental Disabilities, 67
MLBANK Q. 352 (Supp. 2, Pt. 2, 1989). This material was also presented at a colloquium
entitled Rights of People with Disabilities sponsored by the N.Y.U. REviEV oF LAW &
SOCIAL CHANGE in April 1989.
** Associate Professor of Law, University of Maryland School of Law. Fubright
Scholar, Tel Aviv University and Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 1990-1991. B.A., 1967, Yale
University; J.D., 1970, Yale Law School; D.Phil., 1979, Oxford University. The author ac-
knowledges with appreciation the helpful comments of Professor Randy Hertz of N.Y.U.
School of Law and the splendid research assistance of Patricia G. Williams, John D. Wilson,
and Leslie Dick.
609

Imaged with the Permission of N.Y.U. Review of Law and Social Change

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