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11 NUJS L. Rev. 1 (2018)
A Case for Universal Basic Income in India

handle is hein.journals/nujslr11 and id is 176 raw text is: S11 NUJS L. Rev. 2 (2018) A CASE FOR UNIVERSAL BASIC INCOME IN INDIA Shrikrishna Upadhyaya & Sukriti* Universal Basic Income ('UBI') is a regular cash payment made to all individuals by the State without any means or work testing. It has historically been debated upon and more than a few justifications for UBI have been made. UBI has entered policy debate in India ever since UBI was proposed by the Economic Survey 2016-17 as a social welfare scheme suitable for India. In this paper, a normative justification for UBI is sought to be arrived at. A right to basic income, by promoting 'real freedom' of individuals is said to be a part of the conception of substantive dignity of all individuals. It is important for the actualisation of other rights and freedoms of an individual. Associated benefits of UBI include realizing the right to adequate standard of living, respecting autonomy rights of individuals and as a policy intervention in combating poverty and inequality. The lessons from UBI experiments conducted in different places also sufficiently highlight the advantages of UBI. The challenges in implementing UBI in India are discussed in the course of this paper alongside a critical analysis of a model that seeks to overcome these challenges. Table of Contents LI IN TR O D U C TIO N ................................................................................................................... 2 II. CONCEPTION OF SUBSTANTIVE DIGNITY: LOCATING A RIGHT TO BASIC IN C O M E .................................................................................................................................... 4 A. UNDERSTANDING DIGNITY ..................................................................................... 4 B. TOWARDS SUBSTANTIVE DIGNITY ........................................................................ 6 C. RIGHT TO BASIC INCOME AS AN INTEGRAL PART OF SUBSTANTIVE DIGNITY12 II CERTAIN FACETS OF RIGHT TO BASIC INCOME .................................................. 15 A. RIGHT TO ADEQUATE STANDARD OF LIVING .................................................... 16 B. WOM EN AND BASIC INCOM E ................................................................................ 17 C. POVERTY IS A RIGHTS VIOLATION ....................................................................... 21 D. MENTAL HEALTH AND BASIC INCOME .............................................................. 25 IV UNIVERSAL BASIC INCOME ('UBI') FOR INDIA: THE WAY FORWARD .............. 28 A. BACKGRO UND ON UBI ........................................................................................... 28 B. EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE IN SUPPORT OF UBI FROM AROUND THE WORLD ..... 29 1. A laska, United States of Am erica .......................................................................... 29 2 . B ra z il .......................................................................................................................... 3 0 3 . N a m ib ia ...................................................................................................................... 3 2 4. M adhya P radesh, India .......................................................................................... 34 5 . F in la n d ....................................................................................................................... 3 7 6 . K e n y a .......................................................................................................................... 3 8 C. LESSONS FOR INDIA FROM THE SUCCESS OF UBI EXPERIMENTS ................ 39 D. COMMON MYTHS ABOUT UBI ............................................................................... 43 1. UBI's Impact on W ork ........................................................................................... 43 2. UBI's Impact on Temptation Goods ...................................................................... 44 April - June, 2018 NUJS Law Review

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