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7 Nonprofit & Voluntary Sector Q. 1 (1978)

handle is hein.journals/npvolsq7 and id is 1 raw text is: JOURNAL OF VOLUNTARY ACTION RESEARCH/1 JOURNAL OF VOLUNTARY ACTION RESEARCH Volume 7, Numbers 1-2, Winter-Spring Issues, January/April, 1978 ABSTRACTS OF ARTICLES APPEARING IN THIS ISSUE: VOLUNTARY ACTION AND PUBLIC SERVICES Richard C. Rich Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Citizen participation in service delivery can be an important part of the process of self- government. This potential can be realized, however, only if we can identify barriers to effective citizen involvement in service delivery, and design institutions and policies that will encourage sustained and fruitful citizen participation in the processes by which public services are shaped. Theoretical understanding is the first step in this identification. This paper develops a theoretical framework for analysis of voluntarily organized citizen participa- tion in urban service delivery systems. It proceeds from a discussion of the nature of neigh- borhood associations, to an examination of the major roles such organizations play in service delivery, and concludes with an exploration of the relationship among public policy, the institutional design of service delivery arrangements, and citizen's opportunities for effective participation in public service provision. The primary focus is on assessing the potential influence over services which each role offers citizens, and identifying government policies and structures which make each strategy most effective. CITIZEN PARTICIPATION IN POLICING: THE SOCIAL CONTROL OF A SOCIAL CONTROL AGENCY Georgette Bennett-Sandler NBC News Police agencies are the prototype for formal social control mechanisms. However, their social control role is complicated by the fact that their mandate comes from the very consti- tuents they are charged with controlling. The impetus of the maximum feasible participation written into the 1964 anti-poverty legislation, has produced various attempts to reconcile this paradox. This paper examines various forms of citizen participation in policing; dilemmas of implementing such efforts; and community organizing lessons learned from the War-on Poverty. These issues combined with national developments and trends are used in developing proposals for successful programs for citizen participation in policing. SOURCES OF THE COMMUNITY CONTROL OVER POLICE MOVEMENT Rita Mae Kelly Rutgers University This paper uses nonequivalent control group design and analysis of variance to assess the relative impacts of the following social forces on the propensity of citizens to advocate community control over police: (1) neighborhood organized political activity; (2) the degree of perceived physical safety deprivation; (3) the degree of discrepancy perceived between current safety level compared to that of two years earlier; and (4) the degree to which a discrepancy is seen between the respondents' own general safety compared to that perceived to be available in other neighborhoods within the same city. The impact of sex, race, age, education, and income are assessed as is their individual relative importance. The findings from a study of a Washington, D.C. experiment provide insights regarding the role of neigh- borhood organizations in mediating the effects of safety deprivation and citizen dissatisfaction with police services as well as illuminate the sources of the community control over police movement.

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