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11 Nova L. Rev. 415 (1986-1987)
Drug-Use Testing: Scientific Perspectives

handle is hein.journals/novalr11 and id is 433 raw text is: Drug-Use Testing: Scientific Perspectives Kurt M. Dubowski* I. INTRODUCTION .................................... 416 II. TECHNOLOGY: ANALYTES AND SPECIMENS ......... 422 A . Analytes ................................. 423 B. Biological Specimens ...................... 426 III. TECHNOLOGY: DRUG ANALYSIS METHODS ......... 436 A. Analysis methods ......................... 436 B. Characteristics of analysis methods ......... 438 C. True and false positive and negative results .. 445 IV. TECHNOLOGY: DRUG ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES ....... 446 A. Color or spot tests ........................ 446 B. Thin-layer chromatography ................. 447 C. Immunochemical assays: Basic principles ..... 453 D. Enzyme immunoassays .................... 456 E. Fluorescence polarization immunoassay ...... 460 F. Radioimmunoassay ....................... 463 G. Gas chromatography ...................... 469 H. High-performance liquid chromatography .... 475 I. Mass spectrometry ........................ 479 V. TECHNOLOGY: QUALITY ASSURANCE PRACTICES .... 484 A. Quality control ........................... 485 B. Quality assessment ........................ 487 VI. SIGNIFICANCE AND INTERPRETATION OF TEST RESULTS .......................................... 496 A. Validity and accuracy of analytical results ... 498 B. Significance of test results ................. 507 * Ph.D., DABCC, DABFT; Distinguished Professor of Medicine and Director of Toxicology Laboratories at the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center. Doc- tor Dubowski serves as a member of the Advisory Group on Accreditation of Drug- Testing Laboratories to the National Institute on Drug Abuse, United States Depart- ment of Health and Human Services. NOTICE: Names of manufacturers or commer- cial products, or trade and proprietary names appearing in this article are used only because they are considered essential in the context of the information appearing herein. Such mention is not intended and should not be construed as an endorsement of any such product or manufacturer.

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