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69 Mo. L. Rev. 299 (2004)
Lawyers as Lawmakers: A Theory of Lawyer Licensing

handle is hein.journals/molr69 and id is 309 raw text is: MISSOURI
LAW REVIEW

VOLUME 69                    SPRING 2004                    NUMBER 2
Lawyers As Lawmakers: A Theory of
Lawyer Licensing
Larry E. Ribstein
ABSTRACT
Existing explanations of lawyer licensing focusing on the need to ensure
lawyer quality are unconvincing. A license to practice is a dubious signal of
quality, the licensing requirement restricts the availability of legal services, and
state licensing is subject to political capture by lawyers. These criticisms of
lawyer licensing laws are increasingly important as the current system is
threatened by changes in the legal services market and increased federal
regulation of the legal profession. It is, therefore, time to reexamine the theory
underlying the state licensing system.
This Article provides an alternative rationale for state licensing
requirements. Lawyer licensing encourages lawyers to participate in lawmaking
by capitalizing the benefits of their law-improvement efforts in the value of the
law license. In other words, the license gives lawyers a kind of property right in
state law. State competition gives lawyers an incentive to favor welfare-
maximizing state laws that make the state attractive as a location for businesses
and as a forum for litigation. This theory has important implications for both
federalism and the scope and nature of lawyer licensing requirements.
* Richard W. and Marie L. Corman Professor of Law, University of Illinois College
of Law. I owe a particular debt to Bruce Kobayashi. Thanks for comments by Tom
Ginsburg, Klaus Heine, Bruce Johnsen, Dean Lueck, Geoffrey Miller, Erin O'Hara,
Richard Painter, Eric Rasmussen, Roberta Romano and participants at workshops at the
American Law & Economics Association Annual Meeting, George Mason University
Law School, University of Illinois College of Law and Kelley School of Business,
Indiana University. Valuable research assistance was provided by Sheila Hathi and Brett
Pyrdek.

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