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20 Minn. J. Int'l L. 365 (2011)
Developing Countries and GATT/WTO Rules: Dynamic Transformations in Trade Policy Behavior and Performance

handle is hein.journals/mjgt20 and id is 377 raw text is: Developing Countries and GATT/WTO Rules: Dynamic Transformations in Trade Policy Behavior and Performance Chiedu Osakwe* I. INTRODUCTION: DEVELOPING COUNTRIES IN THE RULES-BASED MULTILATERAL TRADING SYSTEM What factors explain the shift to policy reforms and liberalization in developing countries' after the 1940s special and differential approach to GATT rules and disciplines? How did this reform-driven behavior affect the trade performance of developing countries, as well as the agenda and functioning of the WTO? In describing the legal relationship of developing countries to GATT rules and disciplines, Robert Hudec observed that GATT developing country members never agreed to accept the same disciplines as developed members, but * Chiedu Osakwe is Director, WTO Accessions Division. (chiedu.osakwe@wto.org). The author acknowledges with appreciation the contributions and comments of several colleagues: Robert Teh, Dayong Yu, Petra Beslac, Joan Apecu, Jan-Yves Remy, Santiago Wills, Nadiya Nychay and Terry Townsend. The arguments expressed in this paper, for which the author alone is responsible, are not intended, directly or indirectly, to represent either the views and positions of the WTO Secretariat or its Members. This paper is based on the presentation made at the American Society of International Law Conference (ASIL), International Economic Law Interest Group (IEcLIG): International Economic Law in a Time of Change, University of Minnesota Law School, Minneapolis, 18-20 November 2010, on the occasion of the re-issue of Robert Hudec's book, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES IN THE GATT LEGAL SYSTEM, (Cambridge University Press, 2011). 1. For the purpose of this study and in keeping with the WTO standard, developing countries are defined as all countries and separate customs territories minus developed countries, which include Australia, Canada, EU27, Iceland, Japan, New Zealand, Norway, Switzerland, and the United States. This standard is in keeping with the fact that developing country status in the WTO is by self-designation and that least-developed countries (LDCs) are recognized as a legal sub-category of developing countries. See WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION, Who are the developing countries in the WTO?, http://www.wto.org/english/tratop-e/devel_e/dlwho-e.htm (last visited Feb. 20, 2011). 365

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