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5 J. Int'l L. & Prac. 199 (1996)
Regime Legitimation in Instances of Coup-Caused Governments-in-Exile: The Cases of Presidents Makarios and Aristide

handle is hein.journals/mistjintl5 and id is 207 raw text is: REGIME LEGITIMATION IN INSTANCES OF COUP-
CAUSED GOVERNMENTS-IN-EXILE: THE CASES
OF PRESIDENTS MAKARIOS AND ARISTIDE
Edward Collins, Jr.*
7iimothy M. Cole**
I. INTRODUCTION
On July 15, 1974, units of the Cypriot National Guard, led by
Greek army officers serving under the direct command of the mili-
tary junta then ruling Greece, began executing a coup d'6tat
against the legal government of the Republic of Cyprus. Within
thirty-six hours the putschists had overcome the major forms of
immediate overt resistance in the major cities and proclaimed a
new government to replace that of President Archbishop
Makarios III, who fled abroad. On July 20, Turkey launched a
massive invasion of Cyprus, arguing that its use of force was in
aid of-not directed against-the political independence and terri-
torial integrity of Cyprus. By July 23, the Turkish move and re-
lated developments had caused the collapse of both the military re-
gime in Athens and the coup regime headed by Nicos Sampson in
Nicosia. Makarios returned to Cyprus as President on December 7,
1974.
On September 30, 1991, the army and army-led police forces of
Haiti successfully executed a coup d'6tat against Haiti's first demo-
cratically elected President, Jean-Bertrand Aristide. His life was
spared only after the intervention of French, American, and Vene-
zuelan diplomats. President Aristide then began a three-year exile
during which time he engaged in a diplomatic tug-of-war with the
coup regime. He unceasingly insisted that the international commu-
nity isolate the junta to force its withdrawal from power and re-
store his legitimate government. The Haitian military effectively
held power throughout the entire exile period. The international
community, after three years of attempting to bring about the
ouster of the junta, finally authorized member states, through ac-
* Professor of Political Science, University of Maine. B.A., M.A., Marshall Univer-
sity; Ph.D., Emory University.
** Assistant Professor of Political Science, University of Maine. B.A., Colorado
State University; M.A., Ph.D., University of Washington.

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