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24 J. Legal Ethical & Regul. Isses 1 (2021)
The Role of Non-State Actors in Deradicalization Program as Part of Collaboration in Terrorism Mitigation in Indonesia

handle is hein.journals/jnlolletl24 and id is 452 raw text is: Journal of Legal, Ethical and Regulatory Issues THE ROLE OF NON-STATE ACTORS IN DERADICALIZATION PROGRAM AS PART OF COLLABORATION IN TERRORISM MITIGATION IN INDONESIA Stanislaus Riyanta, University of Indonesia Amy Y.S. Rahayu, University of Indonesia Benny J. Mamoto, University of Indonesia ABSTRACT The role of non-state actors in deradicalization program as part of collaboration in terrorism mitigation in Indonesia As the main cause of terrorism, radicalism has infected so many people from various backgrounds in Indonesia, including those who used to be invulnerable to the penetration of radicalization. Around 20% of ex-convicts of terrorism have committed terrorism violence although they have participated in deradicalization program. In order to mitigate this issue, one of the non-state actors that should be involved in deradicalization program is academicians. Unfortunately, there has not been any comprehensive collaboration that involves academicians in the deradicalization program. Therefore, in this study, the perspectives and experiences of academicians toward deradicalization and the prevention of terrorism in Indonesia will be elaborated. From the results of the perspective analysis, which include the opinions of the ex- convicts of terrorism and the National Board of Counterterrorism as the Government representative, a collaboration model that fits into the deradicalization program in Indonesia can be designed. Therefore, it is expected that a collaboration model between academicians and the government in the implementation of deradicalization program in Indonesia can be proposed. Keywords: Terrorism, Mitigation, Deradicalization, Collaboration. INTRODUCTION Terrorism has been a serious problem in many countries all around the globe, including Indonesia (Hudson & Marilyn,1999). A number of terror actions have been taking place throughout Indonesia since the New Order era until the Reformation era. At the same time, Indonesia has been a nest for the sleeping cells of terrorists, which has been quite concerning. The Chief of Indonesian National Police, Tito Karnavian, in the Middle East Special Operation Commanders Conference (MESOC) mentioned that there are 2,000 militants who have been the alumni of Afghanistan and the Philippines. This statement was confirmed by an expert of terrorism, Bruce Hoffman, who stated that there have been approximately 3,000 members of Al- Qaeda members in Indonesia and this figure has not included the supporters, sympathizers, and 1544-0044-24-2-643 Volume 24, Issue 2, 2021 1

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