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16 Loy. U. Chi. Int'l L. Rev. 235 (2020)
Gone Girls: Exploring the Systematic Misunderstanding of Women in ISIS and Resulting International Security Concerns

handle is hein.journals/intnlwrv16 and id is 250 raw text is: GoNE GIRLs: EXPLORING TIIHE SYSTEMATIC MISUNDERSTANDING OF WOMEN IN ISIS AND RESULTING INTERNATIONAL SECURITY CONCERNS Evan Colleen Jones I. Abstract Evidence confirms that both women and men are engaged in extremist and terrorism-related activities at similar rates. Yet internationally there are dispa- rate responses when a suspect is female. Within the United States this is seen in judicial and political responses, as biased research and policy analysis, and presented as tropes in communication to the public. This is commonly because of perceived gender roles, bias which leaves a critical gap in national security while hindering the duty of the United States to investigate and prosecute citizens for contributions to ISIS and its conflicts. That same evidence reveals the differ- ential treatment they receive, from investigations to arrests through sentencing and post-conflict resolution. Many woman are victims of the terrorist group, but others have demonstrated their resolution to use violence to promote ISIS' man- dates and ideology. This article will attempt to illuminate the roles of women within ISIS, explore the challenges in presenting comprehensive data, and present domestic and in- ternational responses. Exploring possible legal mechanisms within the U.S. for prosecuting members of ISIS, it argues it is the responsibility of the country to repatriate its citizens and provide due process. An act in recognition of responsi- bility and a path to justice, both a carrot and a stick. The country's obligation stems from its own precedent, is highlighted in international cases, and is made more obvious by the country's continued involvement in the region. When evalu- ating ad hoc tribunals or courts within the area of conflict, it becomes clear that the most judicially and economically efficient response is the repatriation and prosecution of citizens to their native countries. It is the presence of U.S. troops and citizens in areas of ISIS conflict, along with its precedent and Department of Justice mandates, that ultimately require the country to repatriate its female citizens as equally as males. Ultimately, prop- erly addressing the contributions of American female ISIS members through le- gal action will require an amalgamation of the military efforts, humanitarian aid, media education, and diplomacy. The challenges are present beyond the battle- field and necessitate actors, from investigators to journalists to legal profession- als, to note and check gender biases. Counterterrorism measures and national security efficacy require the contributions, and dangers, offemale ISIS associates not be ignored. Volume 16, Issue 2 Loyola University Chicago International Law Review 235

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