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16 Int'l Conciliation 18 (1934-1935)
Aims and Policies of the Fascist Regime in Italy

handle is hein.journals/intcon16 and id is 510 raw text is: AIMS AND POLICIES OF THE FASCIST REGIME IN ITALYI By BENIAMINO DE RITIS Until 476, the history of Italy was largely the history of Rome and the World. During the Middle Ages Italy was the domain of religion and art, and even under foreign dominations her contribution to civilization has been second to that of no nation of Europe in every field of endeavor. During the second half of the last century from a number of separate and conflicting States into which, since the fall of the Roman Empire, the peninsula had been divided, Italy created a united nation and recovered the place of a dominant factor in the drama of world history. The Italian Risorgimento was completed by the great victory in the World War and Italy is now mistress of her frontiers. For the first time after centuries of foreign dominations and in- ternal divisions Italy does not pride itself only upon the glories of the past, but looks forward and endeavors to build up the grandeur of the future. Fascismo means pioneering in human, social, and ethical fields. The frontier is between what was the old easy-going life, and what is the new world of economic struggles and social problems. The pioneering spirit manifests itself in a way which is inevitably stem; it requires action. In this combination of pioneering complex, looking forward to the future, and powerful forces of tradition handed down throughout the centuries, lies the unique character and striking originality of the Fascist Revolution which is taking place, and widening and enforcing itself, in that twilight zone which represents the interval between the old generations and the rising ones. The post-war period was the darkest that Italy has passed through since the unification of the nation. The immense disappointment of the Peace Conference, where Italy, notwithstanding her heavy sacrifices, was treated like a poor relation, gave way to subversive forces, and the country was on the verge of bolshevism and bank- ruptcy. Italy instinctively felt the necessity of creating a new order when she gave birth to Fascismo. The alternative was civic suicide. There was, after the war, a fundamental problem to be tackled and properly solved, the problem of governing the country, the problem of living and working. I Address delivered before the Institute of Public Affairs at the University of Virginia, July 3. 1934.

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