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2 Part 1 Indian J. Integrated Rsch. L. 1 (2022)
Training AI and Copyright Infringement: Where Does the Law Stand?

handle is hein.journals/injloitd2 and id is 1300 raw text is: Indian Journal of Integrated Research in Law TRAINING Al AND COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT: WHERE DOES THE LAW STAND? Ravindra Kumar & Professor Pankaj Kumar, Manipal University Jaipur ABSTRACT Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to computing systems that can make autonomous decisions based on stimuli, in a manner similarto human beings. It has various real world uses in practically every field from finance to healthcare. However, the growth of artificial intelligence comes with new legal challenges, particularly relating to intellectual property rights. Al systems are trained using massive amounts of data to recognize patterns and make intelligent decisions or predictions. This data often consists of copyrighted works, raisingthe question whether use of such works without authorization for machine learning constitutes copyright infringement. The copyright laws in diJerent jurisdictions lack clarity and uniformity as to the existence of a specific exception for the use of such works to trainAI applications. The paper thus analyses the rules of access tocopyrighted data in the United States copyright law, focusing on thefair use doctrine and its judicial interpretation, including the recent Google Books case. The subsequent part of the paper compares the US approach with the copyright laws of the European Union, lookingparticularly at the impact of the text and data mining exception introduced by the 2019 EU Directive on Copyright in a Digital SingleMarket. In light of the inferences drawn, the final part of the paper attempts to assess the Indian copyright law and explores the future course of law and policy on the issue, highlighting the role of the World Intellectual Policy Organisation. Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Copyright Infringement, Text and Data Mining, Fair Use Doctrine, Deep fake, Expressive Use, Training. Page: 1 Volume II Issue I I ISSN: 2583-0538

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