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5 Intercultural Hum. Rts. L. Rev. 313 (2010)
Anatomy of a Sex Trafficking Case

handle is hein.journals/ichuman5 and id is 317 raw text is: ANATOMY OF A SEX TRAFFICKING CASE
TERRY COONAN*
L Introduction
On July 16, 2006, sex trafficking announced its presence in
the quiet capitol city of Tallahassee, Florida. Early that afternoon, a
* Executive Director of the Center for the Advancement of Human Rights,
Associate Professor of Criminology, and Professor of Law, Florida State
University (FSU). Professor Coonan was a lead investigator on the 2003-2004
FSU Human Trafficking Research Project that resulted in the report Florida
Responds to Human Trafficking. He has assisted in the design of the human
trafficking curricula used by the U.S. Justice Department, the Florida Department
of Law Enforcement, the Florida Regional Community Policing Institute, and the
Florida Department of Children and Families.   He has also trained law
enforcement officials and service providers nationwide and globally on best
practices in investigating human trafficking and caring for trafficking victims,
including work in Russia, the Ukraine, Georgia, Chile, Panama, Thailand, and
Kazakhstan. The Center continues to assist state and federal law enforcement
officials in the investigation and prosecution of human trafficking cases and it
provides pro bono legal representation to survivors of human trafficking
throughout Florida. In 2009, the Florida Legislature commissioned the Center to
create a Statewide Strategic Plan to Counter Human Trafficking and to Assist
Trafficking Victims in Florida, and Professor Coonan is the lead investigator on
this Strategic Plan. He wishes to thank the many courageous survivors of
trafficking whose voices inform this article.
I Florida has been the context for numerous sex trafficking cases in the past
decade, including United States v. Cadena, 207 F.3d 663 (11th Cir. 2000), whose
notoriety in South Florida led to the passage in 2000 of the Trafficking Victim
Protection Act. For a description of the Cadena case, see Florida State University
Center for the Advancement of Human Rights, Florida Responds to Human
Trafficking 37-50 (2004) [hereinafter FSU Report]; ANTHONY M. DESTEFANO, THE
WAR ON HUMAN TRAFFICKING: U.S. POLICY ASSESSED 1-5 (2007); SIDDHARTH
KARA, SEX TRAFFICKING: INSIDE THE BUSINESS OF MODERN SLAVERY 186-188
(2009). The vast majority of previous Florida sex trafficking cases occurred in
South or Central Florida, falling within the jurisdiction of the U.S. Attorney's
Office for the Middle District of Florida (Tampa and Fort Myers) or the U.S.
Attorney's Office for the Southern District of Florida (Miami and surrounding
counties). United States v. Melchor, Case No. 4:07crl4-SMP (N.D. Fla. 2007)
(upheld in unpublished decision United States v. Melchor, No. 09-10268 (11th Cir.
2010)), examined in this article, was the one of the first human trafficking cases
prosecuted federally by the U.S. Attorney's Office for the Northern District of

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