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25 Health Matrix 487 (2015)
Prosecuting Women for Drug Use during Pregnancy: The Criminal Justice System Should Step out and the Affordable Care Act Should Step up

handle is hein.journals/hmax25 and id is 493 raw text is: HEALTH MATRIX • VOLUME 25 • 2015 PROSECUTING WOMEN FOR DRUG USE DURING PREGNANCY: THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM SHOULD STEP OUT AND THE AFFORDABLE CARE ACT SHOULD STEP UP Erin D. Kampschmidtt CONTENTS IN T R O D U C T IO N .................................................................................................. 487 1. SUBSTANCE ABUSE AND PREGNANCY .................................................... 490 A . T he N um bers ....................................................................................... 491 B. Growing Use of Opiates by Pregnant Women ..................................... 492 C. Effects of Drug Abuse During Pregnancy on the Fetus ....................... 494 II. C RIM IN A L JU ST IC E ..................................................................................... 496 A. A Brief History of Fetal Protection Laws in the United States ........... 496 B . Crim inal L aw Theory ........................................................................... 498 C. Prosecution of Pregnant Drug Users Does Not Fit Within the Justifications for Criminal Punishment ............................................. 500 III. SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER TREATMENT ................................................ 504 IV . T HE A FFORDABLE CARE A CT .................................................................. 506 A . P otential Solution ................................................................................. 506 1. Essential Health Benefits and Coverage Parity ............................... 507 2. Integration of C are .......................................................................... 509 B. Challenges and Recom m endations ....................................................... 510 C O N C LU SIO N ...................................................................................................... 5 12 INTRODUCTION For nearly three and a half decades, the actions of soon-to-be mothers have been under the watchful eye of state prosecutors. The t J.D. Candidate, 2015, Case Western Reserve University School of Law; M.A. Bioethics Candidate, 2015, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine; B.A. 2012, Columbia University in the City of New York. Many thanks to: Professor B. Jessie Hill for aiding me in finding a topic I was passionate about and for her continuing feedback throughout the writing process; the Bioethics Department for leading me in unexpected directions during my research; the 2013-2014 Health Matrix Editors for honoring me with the opportunity to become a published author; and Glenn Blackmon for encouraging me through this adventure called law school and keeping a smile on my face all the way.

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