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24 Harv. J. L. & Tech. 171 (2010-2011)
Free Speech Unmoored in Copyright's Safe Harbor: Chilling Effects of the DMCA on the First Amendment

handle is hein.journals/hjlt24 and id is 177 raw text is: Harvard Journal of Law & Technology Volume 24, Number 1 Fall 2010 FREE SPEECH UNMOORED IN COPYRIGHT'S SAFE HARBOR: CHILLING EFFECTS OF THE DMCA ON THE FIRST AMENDMENT Wendy Seltzer* TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION ................................ .....171 11. DMCA's CHILL AS PRIOR RESTRAINT BY PROXY....................177 A. Error Costs of the DMCA . ................... ........ 179 B. Intermediation ........................................... 181 C. The DMCA and the Economics of Speech ......... .........184 111. FIRST AMENDMENT PROBLEMS ................... .....187 A. Copyright and the First Amendment ............. ......187 B. Prior Restraints on Speech ................... .......190 C. Understanding Chilling Effects.. ............................. 193 D. Chill, Intermediated ......................... .....197 IV. THE CHILL WINDS OF COPYRIGHT AND DMCA...... ......200 A. Errors and pressures ......................... .....204 B. The Chill in Practice ........................ ......210 C. Repeat Infringers ...............................218 D. Limited Warming? ...................................221 E. Against Copyright Secondary Liability .................225 V. REFORMING COPYRIGHT TAKEDOWN ............. .......226 I. INTRODUCTION The 2008 U.S. Presidential race was a multi-media campaign. The candidates organized volunteers and engaged voters online, their partisans created video clips, and the campaigns themselves used nu- merous existing and new platforms to share the word and get out the * Fellow, Berkman Center for Internet & Society at Harvard Law School and Silicon Fla- tirons Center at University of Colorado School of Law. Contact wendy aseltzer.org for the latest version. The author founded and leads the Chilling Effects Clearinghouse, http://www.chillingeffects.org/, from which much of the evidence is drawn. The author thanks participants in Harvard's Berkman Center luncheon series, Silicon Flatirons and the University of Colorado Law School colloquium, and the IP Scholar Works-in-Progress for helpful discussion and comments on earlier drafts, and, particularly, her colleagues and collaborators on the Chilling Effects project. C 2010 Wendy Seltzer. Reproduction permitted under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

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