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45 Hastings Comm. & Ent. L.J. 27 (2023)
Generative and AI Authored Artworks and Copyright Law

handle is hein.journals/hascom45 and id is 28 raw text is: Generative and Al Authored Artworks and Copyright Law BY MICHAEL D. MURRAY* TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION.............................................................................. 28 II. THE NFT AND THE ARTWORK................................................... 28 III. COPYRIGHT REQUIREMENTS ................................................... 29 A . A n A uthor ................................................................. . 29 B . T h e W ork .................................................................. . . 30 C. Originality and Creativity ........................................... 30 D. Expression and Fixation in Media ................................. 31 IV. GENERATIVE NFTS AND THE QUESTION OF AUTHORSHIP IN COPYRIGHT LAW ..................................................................... 32 A. Forms of Generative Art ............................................. 32 B. Random Generation is Not Authorship........................ 36 C. Copyrightable Art Must be Designed and Created by a Human Even if Machines and Algorithms do the Actual Rendering of the Expression......................................... 38 D. Generative Art Produced by Artificial Intelligence ......... 41 E. What if You Don't Care About Copyright Ownership Over Al or Generative Art? .................................................. 42 V. CONCLUSION ................................................................................43 *Author of A SHORT AND HAPPY GUIDE TO COPYRIGHT (West 2d ed. 2022), Michael D. Murray is the Spears Gilbert Associate Professor of Law at the University of Kentucky, J. David Rosenberg College of Law. Professor Murray is the principal investigator of the Blockchain, Cryptocurrency, NFT, and Metaverse Law Project at the University of Kentucky. Professor Murray thanks Dean Mary Davis and the University of Kentucky, J. David Rosenberg College of Law faculty research grant program for their ongoing support of his research. [27]

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