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74 Geo. Wash. L. Rev. 1 (2005-2006)
Reconceptualizing Advocacy Ethics

handle is hein.journals/gwlr74 and id is 13 raw text is: Reconceptualizing Advocacy Ethics Fred C. Zacharias* & Bruce A. Green** Table of Contents I. Rush v. Cavenaugh ............................................... 6 II. Justice Gibson's Secondary Themes and Their Enduring Significance ...................................................... 8 A. Rush's Secondary Themes .................................... 10 1. Lawyers' Obligations to Pursue Appropriate Goals ......... 10 2. Lawyers' Personal Rights ................................. 11 3. Systemic Imperatives ...................................... 12 B. The Tension Between the Early Interpretation of Rush and the Modern Conception of Lawyers' Responsibilities ............... 12 C. The Significance of Gibson's Themes .......................... 15 1. Pursuing Appropriate Goals ............................... 17 2. Lawyers' Personal Rights ................................. 18 3. Systemic Imperatives ...................................... 20 III. Professional Conscience .......................................... 21 A. Distinguishing Forms of Conscience . ........................ 22 B. Early Interpretations of Rush and Its Influence ................. 24 C. Support for the Distinction Between Professional and Personal Conscience .......................................... .. .30 1. Gibson's Patent Skepticism Regarding Purely Personal Conscience ............................................... 30 2. The Regulatory Context in Which Rush Was Decided ....... 32 IV. The Significance of Rush in Understanding the Development of Professional Regulation .......................................... 36 A. Understanding the Codification Process ........................ 36 B. Understanding Interstitial Judicial Regulation .................. 39 C. Understanding the Modern Codes' Approaches to Lawyers' Obligations of Fairness ....................................... 41 V. The Significance of Rush in Understanding the Substance of Modern A dvocacy Standards .............................................. 44 A. Post-Rush Developments: How Modern Professional Regulation Squares with Justice Gibson's Approach ....................... 45 B. Implications for the Discretionary Provisions of the Modem E thics C odes ................................................. 51 C. Explaining Theoretical Puzzles, or Anomalies, in Professional Responsibility Commentary and Regulation .................... 57 1. Susan Koniak's Nomos .................................... 57 * Herzog Endowed Research Professor of Law, University of San Diego School of Law. B.A. 1974, Johns Hopkins University; J.D. 1977, Yale Law School; LL.M. 1981, Georgetown University Law Center. The authors thank Professors Nancy Moore, Deborah Rhode, Ted Schneyer, and Bill Simon for their helpful comments on an earlier draft of this Article. The authors also express their appreciation for the excellent research assistance of Gabrielle Bunker, Dana Bushong, and Philip Nelson and the generous research support provided by their schools, the Fordham University School of Law and the University of San Diego School of Law. ** Louis Stein Professor of Law and Director, Louis Stein Center for Law and Ethics, Fordham University School of Law. B.A. 1978, Princeton University; J.D. 1981, Columbia Law School. November 2005 Vol. 74 No. 1

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