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4 Global Resp. Protect 198 (2012)
Engendering the Responsibility to Protect: Women and the Prevention of Mass Atrocities

handle is hein.journals/gloresp4 and id is 207 raw text is: MARTINUS GI-R NIJHOFF / P U B L I S H E R s Global Responsibility to Protect 4 (2012) 198-222 brill.nl/gr2p Engendering the Responsibility to Protect: Women and the Prevention of Mass Atrocities Sara E. Davies and Sarah Teitt Griffith University and University of Queensland sara.davies@griffith.edu.au; s.teitt@uq.edu.au Abstract This article explores the relationship between the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) and the pursuit of the so-called 'Women, Peace and Security' (WPS) agenda at the UN. We ask whether the two agendas should continue to be pursued separately or whether each can make a useful contribution to the other. We argue that while the history of R2P has not included language that deliberately evokes the protection of women and the promotion of gender in preventing genocide and mass atrocities, this does not preclude the R2P and WPS agendas becoming mutually reinforcing. The article identifies cross-cutting areas where the two agendas may be leveraged for the UN and member states to address the concerns of women as both actors in need of protection and active agents in preventing and responding to genocide and mass atrocities, namely in the areas of early warning. Keywords Early warning, sexual violence, mass atrocities, crimes against humanity In early 2009 UN Secretary General Ban Ki-Moon issued a report identify- ing pathways for implementing the responsibility to protect - a principal endorsed at the 2005 World Summit to protect populations from genocide and other mass atrocities.' Although the report said relatively little about the relationship between RP and women, it noted that UN Security Council Resolutions 1612 (2005) and 1820 (2008) stated that rape and other forms of sexual violence could constitute war crimes or crimes against humanity, bringing them squarely under the ambit of R2P.2 As such, he I Ban Ki-moon, 'Annual Address to the General Assembly', 25 September 2007, SG/ SM/11182. 2 Ban Ki-Moon, Implementing the Responsibility to Protect, Report of the Secretary- General, (United Nations General Assembly, A/63/677, 12 January 2009), para. 34. @) Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, 2012 DOI 10.1163/187598412X639700

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