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27 Geo. Int'l Envtl. L. Rev. 321 (2014-2015)
Strengthening Environmental Rule of Law: Enforcement, Combatting Corruption, and Encouraging Citizen Suits

handle is hein.journals/gintenlr27 and id is 328 raw text is: Strengthening Environmental Rule of Law: Enforcement, Combatting Corruption, and Encouraging Citizen Suits IRENE VLLANUEVA NEMESIO* Introduction. .............................................. 322 I. Environmental Law in Developing Countries ................... 323 A. Creating Environmental Statutes........................ 323 B. Delegating Enforcement Authority to Executive Agencies....... ..324 C. Allowing Judicial Review ............................ 325 D. Strengthening Environmental Enforcement................. 326 II. Corruption and the Environment: A Common Problem in Developing Countries . ......................................... 327 A. Common Corruption Practices ......................... 327 B. Results and Impact................................. 328 C. Eliminating Corruption in Developing Countries Through Deterrence......................................... 329 III. Encouraging Citizen Suits to Discourage Corruption .............. 330 A. Public Participation in Environmental Enforcement ........... 330 B. Focus on Environmental Citizen Suits to Address Corruption .... 331 C. Barriers to Environmental Citizen Suits ................... 332 1. Lack of Citizen Suit Provisions ..................... 333 2. Lack of Information for Litigants .................... 333 3. Lack of Strong Incentives: Costs and Technicalities ........ 334 D. Implementing Solutions for Opening Access to Environmental Citizen Suits ..................................... 335 1. The Philippines................................ 335 2. India....................................... 336 3. Comparison of the Examples....................... 338 IV. Tracking Success and Evaluating New Environmental Enforcement Tools................................................ 339 A. Focusing on Goals.................................... 339 B. Selecting a Methodological Approach .................... 340 C. Establishing Capacity to Measure and Analyze Data........... 341 Conclusion ............................................... 341 * J.D. Candidate 2015, Georgetown University Law Center; A.B. Public Policy and American Institutions, magna cam laude, Brown University, 2012. Irene Nemesio serves as a Senior Editor for the Georgetown International Environmental Law Review, and her area of expertise is regulatory law. © 2015, Irene Villanueva Nemesio. 321

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