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94 Foreign Aff. 2 (2015)
The Robots Are Coming

handle is hein.journals/fora94 and id is 774 raw text is: 




The Robots Are

Coming

How Technological
Breakthroughs Will
Transform Everyday Life

Daniela Rus

obots have the potential to greatly

       improve the quality of our lives
       at home, at work, and at play.
Customized robots working alongside
people will create new jobs, improve the
quality of existing jobs, and give people
more time to focus on what they find
interesting, important, and exciting.
Commuting to work in driverless cars
will allow people to read, reply to e-mails,
watch videos, and even nap. After drop-
ping off one passenger, a driverless car
will pick up its next rider, coordinating
with the other self-driving cars in a system
designed to minimize traffic and wait
times-and all the while driving more
safely and efficiently than humans.
   Yet the objective of robotics is not
to replace humans by mechanizing and
automating tasks; it is to find ways for
machines to assist and collaborate with
humans more effectively. Robots are
better than humans at crunching num-
bers, lifting heavy objects, and, in certain
contexts, moving with precision.


DANIELA RUS is Professor of Electrical
Engineering and Computer Science and
Director of the Computer Science and Artificial
Intelligence Laboratory at the Massachusetts
Institute of Technology.


Humans are better than robots at ab-
straction, generalization, and creative
thinking, thanks to their ability to
reason, draw from prior experience,
and imagine. By working together,
robots and humans can augment and
complement each other's skills.
   Still, there are significant gaps between
where robots are today and the promise
of a future era of pervasive robotics,
when robots will be integrated into the
fabric of daily life, becoming as common
as computers and smartphones are today,
performing many specialized tasks, and
often operating side by side with humans.
Current research aims to improve the
way robots are made, how they move
themselves and manipulate objects, how
they reason, how they perceive their
environments, and how they cooperate
with one another and with humans.
   Creating a world of pervasive,
customized robots is a major challenge,
but its scope is not unlike that of the
problem computer scientists faced nearly
three decades ago, when they dreamed of
a world where computers would become
integral parts of human societies. In the
words of Mark Weiser, a chief scientist at
Xerox's Palo Alto Research Center in the
1990s, who is considered the father of
so-called ubiquitous computing: The
most profound technologies are those
that disappear. They weave themselves
into the fabric of everyday life until they
are indistinguishable from it. Computers
have already achieved that kind of
ubiquity. In the future, robots will, too.

YOUR OWN PERSONAL ROBOT
A robot's capabilities are defined by
what its body can do and what its brain
can compute and control. Today's robots
can perform basic locomotion on the


2     FOREIGN AFFAIRS

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