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2 Eur. J. Migration & L. 127 (2000)
The EC-Switzerland Agreement on Free Movement of Persons: Overview and Analysis

handle is hein.journals/ejml2 and id is 135 raw text is: European Journal of Migration and Law 2: 127-142, 2000.      127
© 2000 Kluwer Law International. Printed in the Netherlands.
The EC-Switzerland Agreement on Free Movement of Persons:
Overview and Analysis
STEVE PEERS*
1. Introduction
After years of tortuous negotiations, the EC and Switzerland finally agreed
an Agreement on free movement of persons in June 1999.' The new Agree-
ment forms part of a package of seven treaties agreed at the same time,2 and
applies in addition to the existing free-trade agreement (and other earlier
bilateral treaties) agreed between the Community and Switzerland.3 This
complex network of treaties has been agreed as a 'second-best' alternative
to Swiss membership of the European Economic Area (EEA),4 which the
Swiss public rejected in a 1992 referendum.5 On May 21, 2000, the Swiss
voted overwhelmingly in favour of the new treaties.
The EC-Swiss Agreement on free movement is remarkable in that it
extends eventual full free movement of persons between the Community and
Switzerland on the model of free movement for Community nationals, with
minor variations from the EC rules and excluding the concept of citizenship of
the Union. The Community has only previously been willing to agree full free
movement of persons as part of the EEA Agreement. All other Community
treaties with third states either ignore the issue of movement of persons alto-
gether, or leave to the Member States the decision on whether to admit such
persons initially.6 Indeed, if approved, the 1999 EC-Swiss treaty will cover
more persons than the EEA Agreement does at present.
* University of Essex, UK.
COM (1999) 229,4 May 1999.
2 The other Agreements concern: civil aviation; public procurement; agricultural trade;
overland transport; technical barriers to trade; and research.
3 OJ 1972 L 300/189.
4 0J 1994 L 1/1, presently binding the Community, its Member States, Norway, Iceland
and Liechtenstein.
5 See particularly COM (93) 486, 1 Oct. 1993.
6 For example, the EC-Turkey association agreement, and the EC agreements with North
African states.

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