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90 Colum. L. Rev. 1463 (1990)
Desegregating Politics: All-Out School Desegregation Explained

handle is hein.journals/clr90 and id is 1477 raw text is: DESEGREGATING POLITICS: ALL-OUT SCHOOL DESEGREGATION EXPLAINED James S. Liebman* The problem is that we are no longer certain what kind of question pub- lic school desegregation really is. -J. Harvie Wilkinson II1 In other words, I asked, under this.. approach, the courts would have given priority to desegregating not the students but the money and the control? - Derrick Bell2 TABLE OF CoNTENTs I. Is DESEGREGATION DEAD? ................................. 1465 II. FIye THEORIES OF DESEGREGATION ........................ 1476 A. Doctrinal Dots ....................................... 1476 B. Connecting the Dots: Criteria for a Satisfying Picture. 1479 C. Five Theories ........................................ 1484 1. The Equal Educational Opportunity Theory ....... 1485 2. The Integration Theory ........................... 1495 3. The Correction Theory ........................... 1501 a. Why Just Intent? .............................. 1504 b. Why Just Desegregation? ...................... 1508 c. Overcorrection ................................ 1509 d. Undercorrection .............................. 1513 e. Private-Law Solutions to Public-Law Problems.. 1518 f. Summary ...................................... 1523 4. The Prohibition Theory .......................... 1524 5. The Prophylaxis Theory .......................... 1532 D. A Hint of a Sixth Theory ............................ 1539 III. WHAT'S THE PROBLEM? ................................... 1540 A. What's the'Problem? ................................. 1540 * Associate Professor of Law, Columbia University School of Law. Bruce Acker- man,.Bob Amdur, Derrick Bell, Vince Blasi, Richard Briffault, Norman Chachkin, Paul Gewirtz, Jeff Gordon, Jack Greenberg, Jennifer Hochschild, Jerry Lynch, Henry Monaghan, Subha Narasimban, Gary Orfield, Harriet Rabb,Janet Sabel, Ted Shaw, and Peter Strauss provided helpful comments on drafts of this article. The support of the Samuel Rubin Program for Liberty and Equality Through Law and the Walter E. Meyer Institute Research Fund is gratefully acknowledged. This article is part of a larger work, tentatively entitled Political Desegregation and Educational Reform, © Oxford Univer- sity Press, which is scheduled for publication in 1992. 1. J. Wilkinson, From Brown to Bakke: The Supreme Court and School Integra- tion, 1954-1978, at 132 (1979). 2. D. Bell, And We Are Not Saved: The Elusive Quest for Racial Justice 113 (1987). 1463

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