About | HeinOnline Law Journal Library | HeinOnline Law Journal Library | HeinOnline
LOG IN
LOG IN

84 Chi.-Kent L. Rev. 559 (2009-2010)
Bias in the Workplace: Consistent Evidence of Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity Discrimination 1998-2008

handle is hein.journals/chknt84 and id is 571 raw text is: BIAS IN THE WORKPLACE: CONSISTENT EVIDENCE OF SEXUAL ORIENTATION AND GENDER IDENTITY DISCRIMINATION 1998-2008 M.V. LEE BADGETT, BRAD SEARS, HOLNING LAU, AND DEBORAH Ho* EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This article summarizes social science data published during the past decade documenting discrimination against lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people in employment. Over the last ten years, many researchers have conducted studies to find out whether LGBT people face sexual orientation discrimination in the workplace. These studies include surveys of LGBT individuals' workplace experiences, wage comparisons between lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) and heterosexual persons, analy- ses of discrimination complaints filed with administrative agencies, and testing studies and controlled experiments. Studies conducted from the mid-1980s to mid-1990s revealed that 16% to 68% of LGB respondents reported experiencing employment dis- crimination at some point in their lives. Since the mid-1990s, an additional fifteen studies found that 15% to 43% of LGB respondents experienced discrimination in the workplace. When asked more specific questions about the type of discrimination experienced, LGB respondents reported the following experiences that were related to their sexual orientation: 8% to 17% were fired or denied employment, 10% to 28% were denied a promotion or given negative per- formance evaluations, 7% to 41% were verbally/physically abused or had * M.V. Lee Badgett is the Research Director at The Williams Institute, UCLA School of Law, and an associate professor of economics at the University of Massachusetts Amherst, where she is also on the faculty of the Center for Public Policy and Administration. She studies family policy and em- ployment discrimination related to sexual orientation. Brad Sears is the Executive Director of The Williams Institute, UCLA School of Law and Adjunct Professor of Law at UCLA School of Law. Professor Sears researches and writes on sexual orientation law and legal issues impacting the HIV- positive and disabled communities. Holning S. Lau is the Harvey S. Shipley Miller Law Teaching Fellow at The Williams Institute, UCLA School of Law. He researches and writes on antidiscrimination law, international human rights, and children's rights. Deborah Ho is a Policy Fellow at The Williams Institute, UCLA School of Law. We thank Darcy Pottle and Gary Gates for their help in preparing the report. The Williams Institute thanks the Arcus Foundation, the Gill Foundation, and the Evelyn and Walter Haas, Jr. Fund for their general funding support.

What Is HeinOnline?

HeinOnline is a subscription-based resource containing thousands of academic and legal journals from inception; complete coverage of government documents such as U.S. Statutes at Large, U.S. Code, Federal Register, Code of Federal Regulations, U.S. Reports, and much more. Documents are image-based, fully searchable PDFs with the authority of print combined with the accessibility of a user-friendly and powerful database. For more information, request a quote or trial for your organization below.



Short-term subscription options include 24 hours, 48 hours, or 1 week to HeinOnline.

Purchase Access

Contact us for annual subscription options:

Contact Us

Already a HeinOnline Subscriber?

Log In

profiles profiles most