About | HeinOnline Law Journal Library | HeinOnline Law Journal Library | HeinOnline
LOG IN
LOG IN

13 Beijing L. Rev. 414 (2022)
Sub-Nationalism and Nationalism: The Dilemma of Power and Ethnicity in Afghanistan

handle is hein.journals/beijlar13 and id is 424 raw text is: Beijing Law Review, 2022, 13, 414-428 https://www.scirp.org/iournal/blr ISSN Online: 2159-4635 ISSN Print: 2159-4627 Sub-Nationalism and Nationalism: The Dilemma of Power and Ethnicity in Afghanistan Osman Mohammed Afzal Faculty of Public Governance, Budapest National University of Public Service, Budapest, Hungary Email: afzalosmani9@gmail.com How to cite this paper: Afzal, O. M. (2022). Sub-Nationalism and Nationalism: The Di- lemma of Power and Ethnicity in Afgha- nistan. BeijinglawReview, 13, 414-428. https:Ildoior/lO.43 Lbjr.2022. 132026 Received: February 4, 2022 Accepted: June 27, 2022 Published: June 30, 2022 Copyright © 2022 by author(s) and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY 4.0). h eavecommonsog licensesb 4.0 Opecces Abstract Afghanistan is a multinational country with a weak nationalism. The fragility of nationalism and nations often has been due to races, religion, and stereo- types; however, in Afghanistan, the centralization of power has created fragil- ity and significant rifts among ethnicities which the outcome is sub-nationalism. Sub-nationalism could be harmless in a decentralized political system, how- ever, not definitely in a centralized political system. Throughout history, the centrality of authority strengthened ethnic cleavages, rivalries of ethnics over- power, single-ethnic hegemony, weak governance, and significantly disrupted the unity of ethnics. The big hurdle of Afghanistan for being a nation-state has been the centralization of power. Most authors and pamphlets advise concen- tration of power versus decentralized system in the country to preserve the un- ity of ethnicities. At the same time, Afghanistan experienced that such a sys- tem did not trigger unity of the nationalities. Keywords Nationalism, Sub-Nationalism, Decentralization of Power, Ethnicity . Introduction Afghanistan is a multinational country that, by its current boundaries specified in the 19th century in the reign of Amir Abdul Rahman Khan 1880-1901 (Rahi- mi. The country comprises Tajiks, Pashtuns, Hazaras, Uzbeks, and minor eth- nicities, such as Baloch, Kirgiz, Kazakh, Sadat, Arab, Gojar, Pashai, Turkmen, and Tatar (Kayser, 2012). All these ethnicities have different cultures, languages, and historical values; thereby, it is essential to form a structure to preserve these values and bring stability and unity in the pivot of it. Therefore, the question that always came up is how to make a nationalism that encompasses all ethnici- ties' values? Furthermore, what nurtured the roots of sub-nationalism in the DOI: 10.4236/bir.2022.132026 Jun. 30, 2022 Scientific Research Publishing 414 Beijing Law Review

What Is HeinOnline?

HeinOnline is a subscription-based resource containing thousands of academic and legal journals from inception; complete coverage of government documents such as U.S. Statutes at Large, U.S. Code, Federal Register, Code of Federal Regulations, U.S. Reports, and much more. Documents are image-based, fully searchable PDFs with the authority of print combined with the accessibility of a user-friendly and powerful database. For more information, request a quote or trial for your organization below.



Short-term subscription options include 24 hours, 48 hours, or 1 week to HeinOnline.

Purchase Access

Contact us for annual subscription options:

Contact Us

Already a HeinOnline Subscriber?

Log In

profiles profiles most