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13 Barry L. Rev. 103 (2009)
When the School Bully Attacks in the Living Room: Using Tinker to Regulate Off-Campus Student Cyberbullying

handle is hein.journals/barry13 and id is 105 raw text is: WHEN THE SCHOOL BULLY ATTACKS IN THE LIVING ROOM: USING TINKER TO REGULATE OFF-CAMPUS STUDENT CYBERBULLYING Karly Zande* It lowers my self esteem. It makes me feel really crappy. It makes me walk around the rest of the day feeling worthless, like no one cares. It makes me very, very depressed. - Twelve Year Old Cyberbullying Victim' INTRODU CTION ................................................................................................. 104 I. CYBERBULLYING EXPLORED ......................................................................... 106 A . D efining Cyberbullying ........................................................................ 106 B. Differences Between Cyberbullying and Traditional Bullying ............... 109 II. STUDENT FREE SPEECH ISSUES ..................................................................... 113 A. Supreme Court Authority on Free Speech in the Schools ....................... 113 B. Fleshing Out the Tinker Test ................................................................. 115 1. Material and Substantial Disruption under Tinker ........................... 115 2. Impinging on the Rights of Other Students under Tinker ................. 117 III. THE CYBERBULLYING DILEMMA ................................................................. 119 A. Courts Holding Off-Campus Speech Cannot be Curtailed by the S chools ................................................................................................. 12 0 B. Applying a True-Threat Analysis .......................................................... 121 C. Courts Using a Tinker Analysis in Off-Campus Student Speech Cases.. 122 D. Courts Applying a Hybrid Approach to Tinker for Off-Campus Student Sp eech .................................................................................................. 124 1. Finding a Nexus Before Applying Tinker ......................................... 124 2. Conducting an Intent-Based Analysis ............................................... 125 IV. TINKER SHOULD GOVERN OFF-CAMPUS STUDENT CYBERBULLYING ........... 126 A. Cyberbullying Should Only Be Used to Describe Incidents Between Two M inors .................................................................................................. 127 B. Courts Should Employ Tinker to Analyze Whether Schools can Regulate Off-Campus Cyberbullying ................................................................... 128 * J.D. 2009, (summa cum laude), Michigan State University College of Law; B.A. 2006 (with high honors), Michigan State University. The author would like to thank Professor Kristi Bowman for her help and advice in writing this Article. 1. Share Your Cyberbullying Story, http://www.cyberbullying.us/shareyourstory.php (last visited Mar. 3, 2009) (chronicling the experiences and feelings of real-life victims of cyberbullying).

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