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1 1 (March 19, 2020)

handle is hein.crs/govcavp0001 and id is 1 raw text is: Researh Sevice COVID-19 and Direct Payments to Individuals: Historical Precedents March 19, 2020 Members of Congress and the Trump Administration have signaled their support for making direct payments to individuals to address the economic fallout from the COVID- 19 outbreak. In current discussions, these payments are sometimes framed in terms of universal basic income or UBI proposals. In the past when these proposals were made-and sometimes enacted-they were framed in terms of providing economic stimulus. Historical Precedents There are historical precedents for such payments; most of these were done through the federal income tax code. The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) sent checks to taxpayers in 1975, 2001, and 2008. An issue with using the IRS to make payments to individuals is that payments generally have been restricted to those who file federal income tax returns. Those who do not file tax returns generally include populations such as retirees, disabled individuals, and low-income individuals who have no earnings. The 1975 legislation included direct payments to retirees receiving Social Security and Railroad Retirement. In 2009, direct payments were also made to retires, recipients of Supplemental Security Income (SSI), and recipients of certain veterans' benefits. Table 1 provides an overview of laws enacted since 1975 that provided for one-time payments to individuals to address economic downturns. Table I. Selected Law Providing Direct Payments to Individuals: 1975 to Present Law Description CRS Products Tax Reduction Act of 1975 (P.L. 94-12) Tax rebate: 10% of taxes paid in 1974. Maximum CRS Report 92-20E payment of $200 (phased down to $ 100 for higher (available to income taxpayers). congressional clients upon request). Direct payment: $50 for Social Security and Railroad Retirees and recipients of Supplemental Security Income (SSI). Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov IN11256 CRS NSiGHT Prepared for Mernbes alnd Comnittees o. Conqress ....

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