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52 Wm. & Mary L. Rev. 301 (2010-2011)
Protecting the Homeless under Vulnerable Victim Sentencing Guidelines: An Alternative to Inclusion in Hate Crime Laws

handle is hein.journals/wmlr52 and id is 303 raw text is: PROTECTING THE HOMELESS UNDER VULNERABLE VICTIM SENTENCING GUIDELINES: AN ALTERNATIVE TO INCLUSION IN HATE CRIME LAWS TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ....................................... 302 I. ENHANCED PUNISHMENTS ............................ 305 A. Hate Crime Laws .............................. 306 B. Vulnerable Victim Sentencing Guidelines ............ 308 C. Criticisms of Enhanced Punishments ................ 309 II. DEHUMANIZATION OF THE HOMELESS .................. 310 III. PROTECTING THE HOMELESS UNDER VULNERABLE VICTIM SENTENCING GUIDELINES ...................... 313 A. Vulnerable Victim Sentencing Guidelines as a Flexible Alternative to Hate Crime Statutes ........... 314 B. Applying Vulnerable Victim Sentencing Guidelines to the Homeless ....................... 317 1. The Fundamental Purpose of Vulnerable Victim Sentencing Guidelines ................... 317 2. Specific Court Cases Involving the Federal Vulnerable Victim Sentencing Guideline ........... 320 a. Homelessness as a Factor ..................... 320 b. Homelessness as a Proxy for Vulnerability ........ 322 CONCLUSION ........................................ 325 301

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