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6 Tex. Rev. L. & Pol. 13 (2001-2002)
The Constitutional Case for the Impeachability of Former Federal Officials: An Analysis of the Law, History, and Practice of Late Impeachment

handle is hein.journals/trlp6 and id is 23 raw text is: THE CONSTITUTIONAL CASE FOR THE IMPEACHABILITY
OF FORMER FEDERAL OFFICIALS: AN ANALYSIS OF THE
LAW, HISTORY, AND PRACTICE OF LATE IMPEACHMENT
BRIA, C. KALT
I. INTRODUCTION     ........................................................................ 16
II. IMPEACHMENrr BAsIcs AND THE SIMPLE ARGUMENTS FOR AND
AGAINST LATE IMPEACHMENT ........................................ 18
III. H ISTO RY  ................................................................................... 22
A. English Impeachment ...................................................... 22
B. Pre-Constitutional American Impeach ment .................... 27
1. Colonial and State Cases ................................... 27
2. State Constitutions ............................................. 29
3. The Articles of Confederation ......................... 39
C. The Framers and the Ratifiers ..................................... 40
1. The Convention ...............................................  40
a. Initial Proposals .............................................. 41
b. Removing the President .................................. 43
c. The Hastings Paradigm ................................... 46
d. Late Adjustments ............................................ 48
e. Conclusion .....................................................   49
2. Ratification  ........................................................  49
D. The Argument from Histomy ......................................... 54
1V . T EXT  ......................................................................................  54
A. Everything but Article II, Section 4 ............................... 55
B. Article II, Section  4 .....................................................  58
1. The Over-Literal Reading: Helpful but Wrong .... 58
* Assistant Professor of Law, Michigan State Universitv-Detroit College of Law; A.B..
University of Michigan, 1994;J.D., Yale Law School. 1997. Thanks to Michael (;erhardt
for his helpful comments and to Jorge Souss for his superbly incist'e and helpful
criticism. Special thanks to Chuck Ten Brink. Carol Parker and the rest of the
outstanding library staff at MSU-DCL.

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