Fake News from a Legal Perspective: The United States and South Korea Compared
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FAKE NEWS FROM A LEGAL
PERSPECTIVE: THE UNITED STATES AND
SOUTH KOREA COMPARED
Ahran Park & Kyu Ho Youm*
I. IN TRO DU CTION ...................................................................................... 100
II. FAKE NEWS AS A DEFINITIONAL QUESTION ..................................... 102
A . The U nited States .......................................................................... 103
B . South K orea .................................................................................. 103
III. LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF FAKE NEWS .......................................... 105
A . The U nited States .......................................................................... 105
B . South K orea .................................................................................. 110
III. REINVENTING THE WHEEL IN THE FAKE NEWS WORLD? ................ 112
A . The U nited States .......................................................................... 113
B . South K orea .................................................................................. 115
IV. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS ........................................................... 119
I. INTRODUCTION
Fake news has emerged as a pressing concern since the 2016 U.S.
presidential election. As media columnist Jim Rutenberg of The New York
Times noted in November of 2016, [t]he internet-borne forces that are eating
away at print advertising are enabling a host of faux-journalistic players to
pollute the democracy with dangerously fake news items.' Similarly, The
Washington Post media columnist Margaret Sullivan, a former New York
* Ahran Park is a senior researcher at the Korea Press Foundation in Seoul, South Korea. Kyu Ho
Youm is Jonathan Marshall First Amendment Chair at the University of Oregon School of
Journalism and Communication. This article is the authors' updated and revised version of the
authors' paper presented at the Fake News and Weaponized Defamation: Global Perspectives,
symposium at Southwestern Law School on January 26, 2018.
1. Jim Rutenberg, Media's Next Challenge: Overcoming the Threat of Fake News, N.Y.
TIMES, Nov. 6, 2016, at B1, https://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/07/business/media/medias-next-
challenge-overcoming-the-threat-of-fake-news.html?_r-0.](ViewImageLocal?handle=hein.journals/sjlta25&div=8&collection=&method=preview&ext=.png&size=3)
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Fake News from a Legal Perspective: The United States and South Korea Compared
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