Restitution Remedies in Three-Party Cases: A Comparative Perspective
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RESTITUTIONARY REMEDIES IN THREE-PARTY CASES: A
COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE
John D. McCamus*
I. In tro d u ctio n .......................................................................................6 5
II. The Traditional English Position ......................................................67
III. Expanding the Scope of Such Relief. American and Canadian
Cases .................................................................................................72
A. Claimant Has Borne an Expense for Which the Defendant
Has Been Reimbursed................................................................73
B. Defendant Intercepts Benefits Pertaining to Proprietary or
Other Entitlements of the Claimant ...........................................74
C. Recovery by the Intended Recipient of Money Mistakenly
Paid to a Third Party ..................................................................75
D. Failed Arrangements to Allocate Assets Following Family
Dissolution.................................................................................75
IV. Three-Party Cases and the Unjust Enrichment Principle ..................78
V. Lessons for English Jurisprudence from American and Canadian
Experience.........................................................................................81
I. INTRODUCTION
Almost all of the discussion in the secondary literature concerning
restitutionary remedies deals with, what might be labeled as, two-party cases.
That is, the typical restitution claim arises in a situation where the claimant
has conferred value on a defendant, which the claimant asserts it is unjust for
the defendant to retain. Those who follow the American or Restatement'
model for the structure of the law of restitution also would include, as part of
this subject, two-party cases in which the defendant has become enriched by
dealings with third parties, which constitute a breach of a duty owed to the
claimant. A prime and simple example would be the breach of a fiduciary
. F.R.S.C., University Professor and Professor Emeritus, Osgoode Hall Law School, York University,
Toronto.
1 RESTATEMENT (THIRD) OF RESTITUTION AND UNJUST ENRICHMENT (AM. LAW. INST. 2011)
[hereinafter RESTATEMENT THIRD]; RESTATEMENT (FIRST) OF RESTITUTION, QUASI-CONTRACTS, AND
CONSTRUCTIVE TRUSTS (AM. LAW. INST. 1937) [hereinafter RESTATEMENT FIRST].](ViewImageLocal?handle=hein.journals/fiulawr14&div=8&collection=&method=preview&ext=.png&size=3)
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Restitution Remedies in Three-Party Cases: A Comparative Perspective
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