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2 Int'l Comp., Policy & Ethics L. Rev. 77 (2018-2019)
Constitutional Coups as a Threat to Democratic Governance in Africa

handle is hein.journals/icpelr2 and id is 87 raw text is: 



   CONSTITUTIONAL COUPS AS A THREAT TO DEMOCRATIC
                    GOVERNANCE IN AFRICA

                        John Mukum   Mbakut



                        TABLE  OF CONTENTS

I.    INTRODUCTION                      .............................................78
II.   DEALING  WITH  THE MILITARY   COUP AS A FORM  OF
      UNCONSTITUTIONAL REGIME CHANGE IN AFRICA ......       ........82
      A.  Introduction                        ...................................82
      B.  Evolution of OAU/AUPolicy Toward Unconstitutional
          Regime  Change...........................                85
      C.  The OAU/A   U and Unconstitutional Regime Change.....87
III.  THE  AFRICAN UNION  AND  THE EVOLUTION  OF THE  RESPONSIBILITY
      To PROTECT  DOCTRINE                   .....................................98
      A.  Introduction                        ...................................98
      B.  Evolution ofResponsibility to Protect.......          ......... 100
      C.  The African Union: From  Non-Intervention  to Responsibility
          to Protect       ....................................102
          1.  The Responsibility to Protect (R2P): Unanimous Political
              Commitment   to Act to Prevent International Crimes ... 106
          2.  Remembering   the OAU  and Its Failure to Protect........108
          3.  The African Union and R2P .................... 110
              3.1 The AU's Peace  and Security Council and R2P.....114
              3.2 NEPAD   and R2P         .........................116
              3.3 Continental Judicial Institutions ....................117
              3.4 The Ezulwini Consensus  ...................120
IV.   THE  OAU  AND  THE AU  AND THEIR EXPERIENCES   WITH NON-
      INTERFERENCE   AND NON-INDIFFERENCE       .....................121
      A.  The  OAU  and the Principle ofNon-Interference ............... 122
      B.  The African  Union and the Principle of Non-Indifference. 129

      t John Mukum Mbaku is Brady Presidential Distinguished Professor of Economics & John
S. Hinckley Research Fellow at Weber State University (Ogden, Utah). He is also a Nonresident
Senior Fellow at the Brookings Institution, Washington, D.C., and an Attorney and Counselor at
Law (licensed in the State of Utah). He received a J.D. degree and Graduate Certificate in Environ-
mental and Natural Resources Law from the S.J. Quinney College of Law, University of Utah,
where he was Managing Editor of the Utah Environmental Law Review, and a Ph.D. (economics)
from the University of Georgia. This article reflects only the present considerations and views of
the author, which should not be attributed to either Weber State University or the Brookings Insti-
tution.


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