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47 J. Crim. L. Criminology & Police Sci. 397 (1956-1957)
Pioneers in Criminology XIII--Hans Gross (1847-1915)

handle is hein.journals/jclc47 and id is 409 raw text is: The- Journal bf CRIMINAL LAW, CRIMINOLOGY, AND POLICE SCIENC VOL 47 NOV.-DEC. 1956 NO. 4 PIONEERS IN CRIMINOLOGY XIIL Hans Gross (1847-1915) ROLAND GRASSBERGER Dr. Roland Grassberger is Professor of Criminal Law and Criminology at the Uni- versity of Vienna and director of the Viennese University Institute of Criminology. He has been an expert in Criminology for over 25 years, especially in the fields of handwriting, questioned documents and the investigation of fires. His most important publications are: The Criminality of Arson, The Admeasurement of Penalty, 'Habitual and Professional Criminals in the United States,, _The Solution of Prob- lems of Criminal Policy by Mechanical Statistics and Psychology of Criminal Pro- ceedings.-Evrron. Only about one hundred miles south of Vienna, surrounded by the green hills of the Eastern Alps, you find Graz, the capital of Styria, a province in the south-east of today's Austria. There, on December 26, 1847, Hans Gross, the son of an Army Ad- ministration Officer, was born. On concluding his studies at the law faculty he took up court practice in 1869. In the following year this tall, emo- tional young man, who was full of ideas, was graduated a doctor juris at his home-town University. The chief object of his further life was practical activity. Thus he became an Examin- ing Justice, first in the industrial area of Upper Styria, the centre of the Austrian iron and steel output, then in a merely agricultural district near HANs GRoss the Hungarian and Croatian border. In those days well-trained criminal investigators were not available in the Austrian'small towns and in the country. The Police Forces in hoth I,n n awd country were composed of ex-soldiers who had proved

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