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27 Sw. J. Int'l L. 101 (2021)
Challenges in Regulating Lethal Autonomous Weapons under International Law

handle is hein.journals/sjlta27 and id is 109 raw text is: CHALLENGES IN REGULATING LETHAL
AUTONOMOUS WEAPONS UNDER
INTERNATIONAL LAW
Shane R. Reeves, Ronald T. P. Alcala & Amy McCarthy*
I.      THE IMPORTANCE OF TIMELINESS IN REGULATING EMERGING
TECHNOLOGIES....................................................................... 102
II.     LAWS AND DEFINITIONAL PROBLEMS .................................. 105
III.    SUBSTANTIVE LEGAL CHALLENGES....................................... 107
IV.     REGULATORY SUCCESS OF WEAPONS AND THE NATURE OF
LAWS.....................................................................................110
A. Effectiveness .................................................................... 111
B. Novelty.............................................................................112
C. Deployment......................................................................113
D. Medical Compatibility ..................................................... 114
E. Disruptiveness ................................................................. 115
F .  N o to rie ty ..........................................................................1 16
V .     C O N CLU SIO N .......................................................................... 117
Since 2017, the United Nations (UN) has regularly convened a group of
government experts (GGE) to explore the technical, legal, and ethical issues
surrounding the deployment of lethal autonomous weapon systems (LAWS).
Established by the High Contracting Parties to the Convention on Certain
Conventional Weapons (CCW), the UN GGE on LAWS includes
* Colonel Shane R. Reeves is a Professor and Head, Department of Law at the United States
Military Academy, West Point. Lieutenant Colonel Ronald T. P. Alcala is an Assistant Professor
and Academy Professor in the Department of Law at the United States Military Academy. Amy
McCarthy is an Associate Professor in the Department of Law at the United States Military
Academy. The views expressed here are the authors' personal views and do not necessarily reflect
those of the Department of Defense, the United States Army, the United States Military Academy,
or any other department or agency of the United States Government. The analysis presented stems
from academic research of publicly available resources, not from protected operational
information.

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