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12 Golden Gate U. Envtl. L.J. 53 (2020)
The Animal Welfare Act Is Lacking: How to Update the Federal Statute to Improve Zoo Animal Welfare

handle is hein.journals/gguelr12 and id is 63 raw text is: THE ANIMAL WELFARE ACT IS LACKING: HOW TO UPDATE THE FEDERAL STATUTE TO IMPROVE ZOO ANIMAL WELFARE REBECCA L. JODIDIO1 I. INTRODUCTION Visiting the zoo is a beloved national pastime - American zoos attract 183 million people annually.2 For many Americans, zoos provide the first, and sometimes only, opportunity for individuals to be in the presence of animals outside of domesticated cats and dogs. However, for the animals themselves, zoos can cause suffering. Two philosophies support the protection of wild animals in captiv- ity: an anthropocentric and ecocentric view. According to the former, anthropocentric view, wild animals hold an extrinsic value and when they cease to be valuable to humans, or conflict with our other values, their interests can be sacrificed.3 The latter, ecocentric view, holds that wild animals have intrinsic value, can be morally harmed, and how we treat them should not be judged solely by the benefit to humans of a 1 Rebecca L. Jodidio, Esq., is a graduate of Antonin Scalia Law School at George Mason University. Ms. Jodidio is a former Managing Editor of the Journal ofLaw, Economics & Policy and President of her law school's Animal Legal Defense Fund chapter. She was a law clerk for The Humane Society of the United States, American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA), and the Honorable Thomas Daniel McCloskey, J.S.C. She holds a Bachelor of Science in Business Administration from Northeastern University. 2 Visitor Demographics, ASSOCIATION OF Zoos & AQUARIUMS, https://www.aza.org/partner- ships-visitor-demographics (last visited May 10, 2020); Karin Brulliard, Zoos are Too Important to Fail, WASHINGTON POST, Jul. 7, 2016, https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/animalia/wp/2016/07/ 07/zoos-are-too-important-to-fail-but-they-can-be-much-better-than-they-are/?utmjterm=.30496997 b28f. 3 ROBERT GARNER, ANIMALS, POLITICS AND MORALITY, 163 (Mikael S. Andersen et al. eds., 2nd ed. 2004). 53

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