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9 J. E. Asia & Int'l L. 562 (2016)
The 'All Okinawa' Movement: Political and Legal Implications of the Okinawan Protest against the US Bases

handle is hein.journals/jeasil9 and id is 557 raw text is: 562 Pil Su Jin The 'All Okinawa' Movement: Political and Legal Implications of the Okinawan Protest against the US Bases Pilsu Jin* This essay reviews the 'All Okinawa' anti-base movement, which has entered a new phase since November 2014. The Abe administration's coercive measures to proceed with the relocation of the US Marine Corps Air Station Futenma to Henoko in Okinawa, have aroused strong opposition. Led by Governor Onaga and the All Okinawa Council, the 'All Okinawa' movement has integrated the civic opinions for opposing the construction of a new base at Henoko. Moreover, this movement has pursued the autonomy as a way of exercising the right of self-determination. In addition, it contains an ethnic minority movement that reestablishes the Okinawan identity in relation to Japan. Keywords 'All Okinawa,' US Base, Anti-Base Movement, Futenma, Henoko, Autonomy, Identity Politics, Okinawa 1. Introduction: The Emergence of 'All Okinawa' What is called the 'Okinawa problem' today manifests itself in the 'base problem. Generated by the occupation of the US armed forces in 1945, the vast military bases in Okinawa have been gradually reduced. However, the political autonomy of the Okinawan people regarding base policy has never been afforded by the US and Japanese governments. With the schoolgirl rape incident in September 1995 as the direct cause, a massive anti-base movement exploded. Accordingly, the Special Action Committee on Okinawa (SACO) announced in April 1996 a plan * HK Research Professor at the Institute for Japanese Studies, Seoul National University. B.A./M.A./Ph.D. (Seoul N.U.). ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9425-0489. This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2008-362-B00006). The author may be contacted at: jpslalala@naver.com / Address: 408 Graduate School of International Studies Building, I Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826 Korea. I R. Eldridge, The Okinawa Base Problem Today, Nippon.com, Feb. 3, 2012, available at http://www.nippon.com/en/ in-depth/a00501 (last visited on Sept. 27, 2016). DOl: http://dx.doi.org/10.14330/eail.2016.9.2.12

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