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54 Vand. L. Rev. 813 (2001)
On Determining Negligence: Hand Formula Balancing, the Reasonable Person Standard, and the Jury

handle is hein.journals/vanlr54 and id is 845 raw text is: On Determining Negligence: Hand Formula Balancing, the Reasonable Person Standard, and the Jury Stephen G. Gilles* INTRODUCTION .................................................................. 814 I. THE REASONABLE PERSON STANDARD AND THE HAND FORM ULA ........................................................................... 816 II. TE RESTATEMENT (FIRST)'S CONCEPTION OF NEGLI- GENCE ............................................................................... 822 A. The Reasonable Person and Risk-Utility Analysis ..822 B. How Risk-Utility Works: Analysis of Factors .......... 825 C. How Risk-Utility Works, Continued: Evaluation of Risk and Utility ...................................................... 828 D. Seavey's Moral Conception of Negligence and the Restatement (First) ................................................ 831 E. Bohlen's View of the Roles of Court and Jury in Determining Negligence .......................................... 835 F. The Restatement (First)s Agenda for Changing Negligence Law ....................................................... 839 III. THE RESTATEMENT (FIRST) AND THE HAND FORMnLA ........ 842 A. The Hand Formula and the Risk- Utility Test ......... 844 B. Applying the Negligence Standard: Legislation W rit Sm all .............................................................. 845 C. Should Juries Receive Hand Formula Instruc- tions? ...................................................................... 847 D. Hand versus Posner ................................................ 848 * Professor of Law, Quinnipiac University School of Law. I thank Neal Feigenson, Heidi Li Feldman, Laurie Feldman, Michael Green, Steven Hetcher, Stephen Perry, Gary Schwartz, Kenneth Simons, and participants in the Wade Conference on the proposed Restatement (Third) of Torts. General Principles (Discussion Draft) C'Discussion Draft) for helpful comments. 813

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