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2 Sing. J. Int'l & Comp. L. 557 (1998)
The Roles of Flag States, Port States, Coastal States and International Organisations in the Enforcement of International Rules and Standards Governing the Safety of Navigation and the Prevention of Pollution from Ships under the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea and Other International Agreements

handle is hein.journals/singa2 and id is 565 raw text is: Singapore Journal of International & Comparative Law (1998) 2 pp 557 - 578 THE ROLES OF FLAG STATES, PORT STATES, - COASTAL STATES AND INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS IN THE ENFORCEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL RULES AND STANDARDS GOVERNING THE SAFETY OF NAVIGATION AND THE PREVENTION OF POLLUTION FROM SHIPS UNDER THE UN CONVENTION ON THE LAW OF THE SEA AND OTHER INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS I. INTRODUCTION THE subject-matter of this paper is both wide and topical, allowing me to concentrate on some trends and developments, placed in their historical context. There are three preliminary issues which should be noted. A. The Convention on the Law of the Sea and other International Agreements The UN Convention on the Law of the Sea was memorably and correctly described by Ambassador Tommy Koh, in his capacity of the President of the Conference, as the constitution for the oceans.' The Convention remains one of the principal achievements of the UN and a tribute is due to Ambassador Koh for the role he played in securing the adoption of the text despite well-known difficulties.2 The Convention represents a framework which links together the fundamental rules The term used by President Koh at the time of the Convention's adoption. The full statement is reproduced in the UN Secretariat's booklet containing the text of the Convention and the Final Act of the Conference (No 83 V 5), as well as in Nordquist (Ed) UNCLOS 1982: A Community, (1985) Vol I, p 11 (hereafter the Virginia Commentary). 2 Some of these difficulties were explained by Ambassador Satya Nandan in a speech given in Hamburg at the time of the inauguration of the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea in October 1996.

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