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13 Beijing L. Rev. 544 (2022)
The Development of Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships: Regulatory Challenges and the Way Forward

handle is hein.journals/beijlar13 and id is 561 raw text is: PuResearch ~*~Publishing Beijing Law Review, 2022, 13, 544-554 https://www.scirp.org/iournal/bir ISSN Online: 2159-4635 ISSN Print: 2159-4627 The Development of Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships: Regulatory Challenges and the Way Forward Oluwatosin S. Osalonil*, Victor 0. Ayeni2 'School of Law, Arden University, Coventry, UK 2Faculty of Law, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba Akoko, Nigeria Email: %t~~~ihin i@ irdn~.~ck ~io.an~~i~d:n How to cite this paper: Osaloni, O. S., & Ayeni, V. O. (2022). The Development of Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships: Reg- ulatory Challenges and the Way Forward. BeijingLawReview, 13, 544-554. https://doi.org/ 10.4236/blr.2022. 133035 Received: June 17, 2022 Accepted: September 5, 2022 Published: September 8, 2022 Copyright © 2022 by author(s) and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY 4.0). ht p ea on~og enseby/4 Abstract This article investigates the legal and regulatory challenges associated with the development of maritime autonomous surface ships (MASS) as well as the extent to which MASS also referred to as autonomous ships may proffer solu- tions to the problem of human error often associated with maritime acci- dents. There is no denying that ship mishaps have been linked to a human error within the maritime industry over the years. Hence, exploring solutions that would help reduce maritime mishaps while also saving costs is an emi- nent step going forward. In addition to the lack of explicit legal framework to regulate the development of MASS, the article demonstrates how the extent conventions and rules may pose legal barriers and regulatory challenges to the development of autonomous shipping. It recommends progressive inter- pretation of the extant laws as well as the need to adopt international legal framework in the form of a MASS code, new convention on autonomous shipping or the amendment of extant laws especially the Law of the Sea Con- vention and rules of the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) in order to clarify states and stakeholders' obligations in relation to autonomous shipping. Keywords MASS, Autonomous Shipping, Legal Framework, Regulatory Challenges 1. Introduction The invention and usage of autonomous ships, also known as maritime auto- nomous surface ships (MASS) are gradually becoming a common phenomenon. Although there are certain types of autonomous ships today, particularly mili- DOI: 10.4236/blr.2022.133035 Sep. 8, 2022 544 Beijing Law Review

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