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30 J. Soc. & Soc. Welfare 31 (2003)
Shift Work and Negative Work-to-Family Spillover

handle is hein.journals/jrlsasw30 and id is 619 raw text is: Shift Work and Negative Work-to-Family Spillover BLANCHE GROSSWALD Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey School of Social Work A representative sample of the U.S. workforce from 1997 National Study of the Changing Workforce data (Families & Work Institute, 1999) was examined to study the relationship between shift work and negative work- to-family spillover. Negative spillover was measured by Likert-scale fre- quency responses to questions concerning mood, energy, and time for family as functions of one's job. Statistical analyses comprised t-tests, ANOVAs, and multiple regressions. Among wage earners with families (n = 2,429), shift work showed a significant, strong, positive relationship to high negative work-to-family spillover when controlling for standard demographic characteristics as well as education and occupation. Dis- tinctions among evening, night, rotating and split shifts revealed the highest negative spillover for rotating shift workers. Additional work- related factors influencing negative spillover included number of work hours, preference for fewer work hours (positive associations), supervisory support, job autonomy, and a family-supportive job culture (negative associations). Keywords: shift work, wage earners, families, job autonomy, spillover, work-week, dual wage earners, productivity The area of research recognized as work-family began with Kanter's 1977 book in which she dismissed the myth of separate worlds. The theoretical model of segmentation, claiming that work and family were entirely separate, to explain the relation- ship between work and family, was no longer relevant. Since Kanter's (1977) seminal work initiated a new perspective on work and family, a variety of theoretical models have developed to explain the relationship between work and family. These include Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare, December, 2003, Volume XXX, Number 4 31

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