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39 Yale L. & Pol'y Rev. 1 (2020-2021)
Fair Housing's Third Act: American Tragedy or Triumph?

handle is hein.journals/yalpr39 and id is 17 raw text is: YALE LAW & POLICY REVIEW
Fair Housing's Third Act:
American Tragedy or Triumph?
Heather R. Abraham *
Fifty-two years ago, Congress enacted a one-of-a-kind civil rights
directive. It requires every federal agency-and state and local grantees by
extension-to take affirmative steps to undo segregation. In 2020, this
overlooked Fair Housing Act provision-the affirmatively furthering fair
housing or AFFH mandate-had heightened relevance. Perhaps most
visible was Donald Trump's racially charged protect the suburbs campaign
rhetoric. In an appeal to suburban constituents, his administration replaced a
race-conscious fair housing rule with a no-questions-asked regulation that
elevates local control above civil rights.
The maneuver was especially stark as protesters marched in opposition to
systemic racism's many forms. In this moment of racial awakening, it is critical
to revisit how neighborhood segregation affects nearly all aspects ofAmerican
life. We live in a racist ecosystem, and racial segregation is its defining feature.
Segregation's profound influence reinforces the importance of the AFFH
mandate as a remedial tool.
Drawing on recent events as a case study, this Article examines the AFFH
mandate's potential to be our country's most effective anti-segregation tool.
First, this Article accounts for the mandate's historic failures. Second, it
demonstrates why the Act must be amended to instill a durable compliance
process at the local level.
As currently configured in statute, the mandate is profoundly inadequate
to meaningfully reduce segregation. But if amended, it has the unleashed
power to reduce segregation at the local level. This has critical real-world
implications-new studies reveal that even incremental reduction of
neighborhood segregation decidedly improves quality-of-life outcomes, from
education to health to life expectancy.
*    Associate Professor and Director of the Civil Rights and Transparency Clinic,
State University of New York (SUNY) at Buffalo School of Law.

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